Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

What is anatomy

Answer 1

Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body and what it is made of- ex bones muscles and skin

Question 2

What is physiology

Answer 2

The study of how the human body works

Question 3

What is the body composed of and how is it organized?

Answer 3

It is composed of living cells and extracellular materials. It is organized into tissues, organs and systems

Question 4

What are the 4 different tissues of the human body?

Answer 4

Epithelial tissues
muscle tissues
nerve tissues
connective tissues

Question 5

What are some examples of connective tissue?

Answer 5

Bone cartilage, ligament, tendon, fascia (which separates muscles), and fat tissue

Question 6

What are the 6 most important organs in the body?

Answer 6

Brain, heart, kidney, liver lungs, stomach and intestines

Question 7

What are the structures involved in the respiratory system and how does this system work

Answer 7

Nasal passage, trachea, and the lungs. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the environment to be used throughout the body

Question 8

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 8

Is responsible for the transport of materials through the body

Question 9

What are the substances the body’s blood contains and distributes to tissues?

Answer 9

Oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products

Question 10

What are the main arteries that supply blood to the arm and hand?

Answer 10

Ulnar artery and radial artery

Question 11

What is the main artery that supplies the legs with blood?

Answer 11

Popliteal artery

Question 12

What is the artery that supplies the foot with blood

Answer 12

Anterior tibial artery

Question 13

What are the most important functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 13

Important functions of the lymphatic system is to remove damaged cells from the body and to provide protection against the spread of infection and cancer

Question 14

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 14

The digestive system takes food and processes it to obtain useful nutrients that the body can use for fuel

Question 15

What is the function of the urinary system and what are the main organs for this system?

Answer 15

The urinary system extracts and excretes dissolved waste products from the blood. This is composed of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

Question 16

What is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 16

The nervous system allows sense and respond to stimuli such and light, sound, smell and touch from the environment

Question 17

What are the 4 important nerves of the arms and hand?

Answer 17

Ulnar nerve
radial nerve
median nerve
digital nerve

Question 18

What are the 7 most important nerves of the legs and foot?

Answer 18

Tibial nerve
common peroneal nerve
deep peroneal nerve
superficial peroneal nerve
saphenous nerve
aural nerve
dorsal nerve

Question 19

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 19

Creates chemical signals that allow body systems to respond to environmental changes and to one another

Question 20

What is the integumentary system composed of?

Answer 20

Skin, hair, nails, sweat and other glands that secrete substances onto the skin

Question 21

What are the most important functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 21

Barrier function, thermoregulation, excretion, sensation

Question 22

How many bones is the skeleton composed of?

Answer 22

206

Question 23

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 23

The functions of the skeletal system are: give shape and support the body, protect various internal structures and organs, serve as attachments for muscles and act as levers to produce body movements, produce various blood cells in the red bone marrow and store minerals such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium

Question 24

Explain cartilage and ligaments

Answer 24

Cartilage: a tough elastic substance similar to bone but has no mineral content
Ligaments: are bands or sheets of fibrous tissue that support and connect the bones and joints

Question 25

Name the 7 bones of the arm and hand

Answer 25

Scapula
clavicle
humerus
ulna
radius
carpus
metacarpals
digits

Question 26

Name the four bones of the leg and foot

Answer 26

Femur, tibia, fibula, patella

Question 27

Name the function of the muscular system

Answer 27

The muscular system covers, shapes and supports the skeleton. It’s function is to produce all movement of the body

Question 28

Explain the 3 types of muscles

Answer 28

Voluntary muscles: face arm leg
Involuntary muscles: intestines, stomach
Cardiac muscle: heart muscle

Question 29

What are the four main muscles of the forearm

Answer 29

Pronator
supinator
flexor
extensor

Question 30

What are the muscles of the hand

Answer 30

Abductors, adductors

Question 31

What are the 6 muscles of the lower leg and foot

Answer 31

Extensor digitorum longus,
2. Tibialis anterior,
3. Peroneus longus,
4. Peroneus brevis,
5. Gastrocnemius,
6. Soleus.

Question 32

What are the 3 categories of bones that form the foot

Answer 32

Tarsal bones
Metatarsal bones
Phalanges