Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patho/Phys 3 > Nagelhout Chapter 31 > Flashcards

Nagelhout Chapter 31 Flashcards

1
Q

2 components of the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Peripheral nervous system components

A

Cranial nerves/receptors
Spinal nerves/receptors

Divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The somatic nervous system contains sensory neurons for what parts of the body?

A

Skin, muscles, and joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The autonomic nervous system contains what?

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric subdivisions

Responsible for involuntary innervation of various organ systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What 2 primary cell types is the CNS system derived from?

A

Neurons
Neuroglial (glial) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the neuron

A

Basic functional cell of CNS

Cell body, specialized cytoplasmic process, dendrites, single axon

Diameter 0.2-20µm

Dendrite stimulation produces anterograde impulse conduction toward the neuron cell body and subsequent conduction away from the neuron cell body by way of axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Classifications of neurons

A

Unipolar
bipolar
pseudounipolar
multipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are unipolar neurons found

A

lower invertebrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where are bipolar neurons found?

A

Retina
ear
olfactory mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are pseudounipolar neurons present? What do they assist with?

A

Dorsal root ganglia
Cranial ganglion cells

Enable sensory impulses to travel from the dendrite directly to the axon without passing through the cell body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the components of the multipolar neurons?

A

Multiple dendritic processes but only one axon

Constitute the majority of the CNS neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What composes gray matter?

A

Neuron cell bodies in CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What composes white matter?

A

Myelinated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Motor neuron function

A

Multipolar

Innervate/control effector tissues suhc as muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sensory neuron function

A

pseudounipolar

Receive exteroceptive, interoceptive, proprioceptive input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Interneuron function

A

Pseudounipolar

Connect adjacent neurons

17
Q

Four types of glial cells found within the CNS

A

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglial
Ependymal

18
Q

Role of neuroglia (glial) cells

A

Maintenance of proper ionic environment
Modulation of nerve cell electrical conduction
Control of neurotransmitter reuptake
Repair after neuronal injury

19
Q

What is the predominant glial cell?

A

Astrocytes

20
Q

Astrocytes provide ___________ neuronal support, group and pair _________ and nerve terminals, regulate the ____________ environment, and are active in _________ after neuronal injury.

A

Astrocytes provide
structural neuronal support, group and pair neurons and nerve
terminals, regulate the metabolic environment, and are active in
repair after neuronal injury.

21
Q

What are the two distinct types of astrocytes?

A

Fibrous astrocytes: found in white matter

Protoplasmic astrocytes: concentrated in gray matter

Patho/Phys 3 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions