Na,K,Ce,NH4 Flashcards
It is the Most Abundant EXTRACELLULAR (outside the cell) cation
Sodium
Sodium is used to optimized what?
To optimized the Pharmaceutical use of a certain organic
compound.
Example of optimization of an organic compound using sodium?
Sodium ascorbate.
- it is the combination of ascorbic acid + sodium hydroxide. which for better stability.
What are the 14 important salts under sodium?
- Sodium Bicarbonate
- Sodium Carbonate
- Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
- Sodium Chloride
- Sodium citrate
- Sodium fluoride
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Sodium Hypochlorite
- Sodium Iodide
- Sodium Nitrite
- Sodium Sodium Nitrate
- Sodium sulfate
- Sodium Thiosulfate
- Sodium tartrate
Sodium bicarbonate aka ______
Baking Soda
What is the base of NaHCO3?
HCO3- Base
↑high: ALkalosis
↓low: ACidosis
What are the USES of Sodium Bicarbonate? ADT (SAM)
- Antacid (systemic)
- (chemical antagonist) → neutralized excess acid - Dentifrice (Abrasive)
- (pang linis ng ngipin) - Tx of Acidosis (Metabolic)
Chemical Formula for Sodium Carbonate
Na2CO3
What are the S/E of NaHCO3?
- Rebound hyperacidity
- Alkalosis
- Edema
What preparation involve in Sodium carbonate?
Solvay Process
Uses of Sodium carbonate?
- Acid-base titration: Primary Standard
- Manuf of Soda Lime Glass
There are two forms of sodium carbonate what are they?
Forms
➢ Na2CO3 * 10H2O (Decahydrate form)
➢Na2 CO3 * 3/2 H2O (Sesquihydrate form)
Na2CO3 * 10H2O (Decahydrate form) other names?
→ Washing Soda
→ sal soda
→ soda crystal
Na2 CO3 * 3/2 H2O (Sesquihydrate form) other names
→ Trona
→ Urao
What is the property of sodium carbonate ?
➢ Property:
Efflorescent = the lost of water; the lost of crystallization
→ From (may water) hydrous nag convert in anhydrous
Anhydrous (Sodium carbonate) aka ______
→ Soda ash
→ calcined sod
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate aka
Fleet Enema
Use of Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Laxative (osmotic laxative)
Sodium Chloride other names:
- Table salt (typically in board exam)
- Rock salt (typically in board exam)
- Halite
- Soler salt
Sodium chloride geometry _____
cubic
Uses of Sodium chloride (CEP)
- Condiment
- Electrolyte replenisher
- Preservative
Sodium Citrate uses (BEADS)
Uses:
1. Buffer (change in pH)
2. Expectorant
3. Alkalizer (if may acidosis)
4. Diuretic
5. Sequestering agent
Lumalabas sa board exam, in-vitro and in-vivo:
➢ In-Vitro
➢ In-Vivo
➢ In-Vitro (outside the body)
→ It acts as ANTICOAGULANT
➢ In-Vivo (Inside the body)
→ PRO-COAGULANT
Uses of NaF (WAS)
➢ Water fluoridation
→ controlled addition of Fluoride to Public water supply
➢ Anti-Cariogenic (tooth decay) –> 2%
➢ Stimulator of bone formation
What are the components of soda lime with their percentage?
- Calcium Hydroxide (CaOH))→ 94%
- Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) → 5%
- Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) → 1%
Sodium Hydroxide other names:
- Caustic soda
- Sosa
- Lye
- Saponifying agent
Soda lime is used as ______
carbon dioxide absorber
Property of NaOH
→ Deliquescent
(Originally solid substance, nag absorb ng moisture and that causes
Liquefaction
What is leaching process?
→ Leaching Process
- taga-Transfer ng component mo sa container papunta sa Product mo
AKA Clorox - Bleaching agent
sodium Hypochlorite
How many percentages does sodium hypochlorite is in dakins solution?
→ 0.5%
Uses of Sodium Hypochlorite
➢ Use:
1. Disinfectant
2. Antiseptic
Uses of Sodium Iodide (SEAT)
- Solubilizer of iodine (board exam)
- Expectorant
- Antifungal
- Treatment of goiter(enlargement of thyroid gland
Explain how sodium iodide solubilize iodine in water.
*Pagnilagay sa tubig, baba ang solubility. To increase
the solubility of Iodine profile we need to add Sodium
Iodide
Chemical formula of sodium nitrite
NaNO2
What is DOC now for Cyanide toxicity?
*DOC(now) of Cyanide poisoning is HYDROXOCOBALAMIN (board exam)
Uses of NaNO2
Uses:
1. Vasodilator
2. Preservatives
3. Tx of Cyanide Toxicity
→ Hemoglobin (Fe2+) converts into Methemoglobin (Fe3+)
Explain how NaNO2 treats Cyanide Toxicity
*Cyanide nag bind sa Cytochrome oxidase (Complex IV) kaya nagkakaroon
ng Cyanide poisoning. Via Conversion of Hemoglobin into Methemoglobin.
The Fe3+ lang ang pwede mag break sa bond ng cyanide at Cytochrome
oxidase.