N4 Grammar 文法 Flashcards
(plain form verb/noun + の)間(に) [あいだ]
While/In the middle of…
あまり〜ない
verb: didn’t do ~ much, not much
adjective: isn’t really ~, don’t really ~
(〜た／noun + の) 後で (あと)
verb: after doing…
noun: after… (e.g. after dinner)
A 〜ば B
conditional form: If A then B
(verb plain form/noun + の/なadjective + な/いadjective)場合は（ばあいは）
In the event of; in the case that ~
(noun/〜てform) ばかり
only; nothing but
だけで
just by (doing)…
(〜ますform)出す（だす）
to suddenly begin to… / emphasise outward action on verb
でございます／でございません (honorific です／ではありません)
polite form of to be; often used by staff to customers and other situations when politeness is needed
(noun) でも
something like a… (English example: “why don’t we go to, like, a restaurant?”)
ではないか／じゃないか
right? Isn’t it?
A が必要
[A] is necessary. You need to [A].
(noun) がする／がします／がしている
smells, tastes, hear (“I can hear someone’s voice”, “this tastes weird”)
な adjective / い adjective without い がり
tends to; sensitivity towards (“She tends to be scared easily”)
な adjective / い adjective without い がる／がっている／がった／がらないで
to show signs of; appear; used to show emotions of other people
ございます
to be, to exist (honorific いる／ある)
(ますform)始める
start to…
はずだ
should be… (expectations)
はずがない
would never; no way; impossible
(ますform)必要がある
need to; it is necessary to
(〜て) いらっしゃる (honorific いる／来る／行く)
to be, to come, to go (honorific version)
(お／ご＋ますform) いたします（honorificする／します)
to do (humble form)
じゃないか
right? isn’t it? Let’s; confirmation
verb plain form/noun/なadjective/いadjective かどうか
whether or not…
