N4 Grammar 文法

Question 1

(plain form verb/noun + の)間(に) [あいだ]

Answer 1

While/In the middle of…

Question 2

あまり〜ない

Answer 2

verb: didn’t do ~ much, not much
adjective: isn’t really ~, don’t really ~

Question 3

(〜た／noun + の) 後で　(あと)

Answer 3

verb: after doing…
noun: after… (e.g. after dinner)

Question 4

A 〜ば B

Answer 4

conditional form: If A then B

Question 5

(verb plain form/noun + の/なadjective + な/いadjective)場合は（ばあいは）

Answer 5

In the event of; in the case that ~

Question 6

(noun/〜てform) ばかり

Answer 6

only; nothing but

Question 7

だけで

Answer 7

just by (doing)…

Question 8

(〜ますform)出す（だす）

Answer 8

to suddenly begin to… / emphasise outward action on verb

Question 9

でございます／でございません (honorific です／ではありません)

Answer 9

polite form of to be; often used by staff to customers and other situations when politeness is needed

Question 10

(noun) でも

Answer 10

something like a… (English example: “why don’t we go to, like, a restaurant?”)

Question 11

ではないか／じゃないか

Answer 11

right? Isn’t it?

Question 12

A が必要

Answer 12

[A] is necessary. You need to [A].

Question 13

(noun) がする／がします／がしている

Answer 13

smells, tastes, hear (“I can hear someone’s voice”, “this tastes weird”)

Question 14

な adjective / い adjective without い がり

Answer 14

tends to; sensitivity towards (“She tends to be scared easily”)

Question 15

な adjective / い adjective without い がる／がっている／がった／がらないで

Answer 15

to show signs of; appear; used to show emotions of other people

Question 16

ございます

Answer 16

to be, to exist (honorific いる／ある)

Question 17

(ますform)始める

Answer 17

start to…

Question 18

はずだ

Answer 18

should be… (expectations)

Question 19

はずがない

Answer 19

would never; no way; impossible

Question 20

(ますform)必要がある

Answer 20

need to; it is necessary to

Question 21

(〜て) いらっしゃる (honorific いる／来る／行く)

Answer 21

to be, to come, to go (honorific version)

Question 22

(お／ご＋ますform) いたします（honorificする／します)

Answer 22

to do (humble form)

Question 23

じゃないか

Answer 23

right? isn’t it? Let’s; confirmation

Question 24

verb plain form/noun/なadjective/いadjective かどうか

Answer 24

whether or not…

Question 25

(phrase) かしら

Answer 25

I wonder… (feminine)

Question 26

かい

Answer 26

yes/no question marker

Question 27

verb plain form/noun/なadjectiveい/adjective かも／かもしれない／かもしれません

Answer 27

might; perhaps; possibly

Question 28

(phrase) かな (か＋な)

Answer 28

I wonder, should I?

Question 29

から作る

Answer 29

made from… / made with…

Question 30

きっと〜

Answer 30

surely; undoubtedly; most likely

Question 31

noun ごろ／verb, noun + の, adjective ころ

Answer 31

Around; about (time)

Question 32

(verb plain form) こと

Answer 32

verb nominaliser (noun-ify)

Question 33

ことがある

Answer 33

Sometimes; there are times when…

Question 34

ことができる

Answer 34

can; able to

Question 35

ことになる

Answer 35

It has been decided that; turns out that

Question 36

ことにする

Answer 36

to decide on (“I’ve decided to…”)

Question 37

(いadjective without い)くする

Answer 37

to make something ~ (change its state)

Question 38

急に

Answer 38

suddenly; immediately; abruptly