N3: Brain Anatomy

Question 1

Frontal lobe functions?

Answer 1

-somatomotor (voluntary movements)
-voluntary eye movements
-language production

-Prefrontal cortex: Executive center
decision-making, motivation, planning, judgment

Question 2

Parietal lobe functions?

Answer 2

-somatosensory (tactile, pain and temp)
-language comprehension

Question 3

Temporal lobe functions?

Answer 3

-auditory
-language comprehension
-learning and memory

Question 4

Occipital lobe functions?

Answer 4

-visual

Question 5

Limbic lobe functions?

Answer 5

-learning and memory
-behavior and emotions

-very primative

Question 6

Primary somatosensory cortex area?

Answer 6

postcentral gyrus

Question 7

Primary somatomotor cortex area?

Answer 7

precentral gyrus

Question 8

Primary visual cortex area?

Answer 8

cuneus and lingual gyri

Question 9

Primary auditory cortex area?

Answer 9

transverse temporal gyri

Question 10

Broca’s area location?

Answer 10

inferior frontal gyrus

Question 11

Wernicke’s area location?

Answer 11

angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus,
posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus

Question 12

Internal capsule?

Answer 12

anterior limb

posterior limb – axons from VPL and VPM to primary somatosensory cortex genu

sublenticular limb – axons from MGN to primary auditory cortex

retrolenticular limb – axons from LGN to primary visual cortex

Question 13

Thalamus location?

Answer 13

Sits above the brainstem, just below the hemispheres
-medial to the posterior limb
-diencephalon
-gray matter

Question 14

Basal nuclei components?

Answer 14

caudate nucleus (CN)
putamen (P)
globus pallidus (GP)

lentiform nucleus = P + GP

Question 15

Brainstem components?

Answer 15

-midbrain
-pons
-medulla
-cerebellum

Question 16

Midbrain functions?

Answer 16

level of arousal (consciousness)
pupillary light reflex
vertical eye movements, vergence movements

Question 17

Pons functions?

Answer 17

corneal reflex, facial sensation and expression
hearing and equilibrium
conjugate horizontal eye movements

Question 18

Medulla functions?

Answer 18

blood pressure, respiration, heart rate
hearing and equilibrium
gag reflex, speaking and swallowing, tongue movements

Question 19

Cerebellum functions?

Answer 19

coordination of movement
equilibrium

Question 20

Midbrain bumps?

Answer 20

4 tubercles (bumps):
Top 2- superior colliculi
Bottom 2- inferior colliculi

Question 21

Surface anatomy of cerebellum?

Answer 21

lobes:
anterior
posterior
flocculonodular (nodulus + two flocculi)

fissures:
primary
posterolateral

regions (zones):
vermis (medial)
paravermis (intermediate)
hemisphere (lateral)