N2- 14 Questions Flashcards
- The DSM criteria for diagnosis of schizophrenia has three central symptoms to diagnosis, and at least one of these three symptoms must be present in order to qualify for a diagnosis of schizophrenia. These are:
A: Disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour, delusions
B: Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech
C: Hallucinations, disorganized speech, negative symptoms
B: Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech
- Schizophrenia is relatively common with the number of people affected at any given time being:
A: 1 in 100
B: 1 in 200
C: 1 in 500
D: 1 in 1000
B: 1 in 200
- Which of the following is true about the negative symptoms in schizophrenia:
A: Negative symptoms like delusions make treatment more difficult
B: Negative symptoms like hallucinations create pervasive negative affect in patients with schizophrenia
C: Negative symptoms like paranoia predict worse outcomes in patients with schizophrenia
D: Negative symptoms like apathy and lack of motivation predict worse outcomes in patients with schizophrenia
D: Negative symptoms like apathy and lack of motivation predict worse outcomes in patients with schizophrenia
- One of the most reliable pieces of evidence of neural dysfunction in schizophrenia is:
A: Increase in overall brain volume
B: Reduced size of the lateral and third ventricles
C: Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles
D: Alterations in ratio of hippocampus to whole brain volume
C: Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles
- Working memory is disrupted in patients with schizophrenia and is associated with:
A: Hypofrontality
B: Negative symptoms
C: Positive symptoms
D: Under activation of the temporal lobe
A: Hypofrontality
- Sensory gating is:
A: A lack of response to auditory stimulus in schizophrenia.
B: Neural response to the first of two successive auditory tones or clicks is less than the response to the second stimulus.
C: Neural response to the second of two successive auditory tones or clicks is less than the response to the first stimulus.
D: Increased in schizophrenia
C: Neural response to the second of two successive auditory tones or clicks is less than the response to the first stimulus.
- Hallucinations in schizophrenia:
A: Can occur in any sensory modality, but olfactory hallucinations are most typical
B: Can occur in any sensory modality, but vision hallucinations are most typical
C: Can occur in any sensory modality, but auditory hallucinations are most typical
D: Are equally likely to occur across all sensory modalities
C: Can occur in any sensory modality, but auditory hallucinations are most typical
- Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses. At any one time it afflicts approximately:
A: 1 in 10 adults within any given 12-month period
B: three times as many men as women
C: 1 in 5 adults within any given 12-month period
D: three times as many women as men
A: 1 in 10 adults within any given 12-month period
- Dysthymia is:
A: A milder state of chronic depression lasting at least two years
B: A milder state of chronic depression lasting at least 12 months
C: A major episode of depression lasting at least 12 months
D: A major episode of depression lasting at least two years
A: A milder state of chronic depression lasting at least two years
- Cognitive characteristics of depression include:
A: Memory and attention are biased toward negative events and interpretations
B: Poor performance on standard tasks of executive functions
C: Inability to respond adaptively to performance errors or negative feedback
D: All of the above
D: All of the above
- Neural features of depression may include:
A: Overactive amygdala
B: Disrupted connectivity within frontoparietal networks for cognitive control
C: Reduced activity in the posterior right hemisphere
D: All of the above
D: All of the above
- Research on the variants of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) has revealed which of the following important insights into its role in depression.
A: Two copies of the long allele variant explains most depression diagnoses
B: Two copies of the short allele variant explains most depression diagnoses
C: 5-HTTLPR is only predictive of depression in the presence if adverse life events
D: 5-HTTLPR short and long variants can only explain the duration of depressive symptoms
C: 5-HTTLPR is only predictive of depression in the presence if adverse life events
13 Which of the following is true of treatment resistant depression:
A: It refers to patients who resist following a treatment plan
B: It occurs in less than 5% of patients with depression
C: It refers to depression that is not successfully treated with typical forms of treatment
D: It occurs when depression and anxiety are comorbid but only one disorder has been diagnosed
C: It refers to depression that is not successfully treated with typical forms of treatment
- Research on the neural basis of depression and anxiety disorders is complicated by the fact that:
A. Each condition involves heterogeneous symptoms and subtypes
B. There is little comorbidity between anxiety and depression
C. The conditions are found only in certain segments of the population
D. Both conditions have isolated effects on cognition
A. Each condition involves heterogeneous symptoms and subtypes
- Which of the following is not a main diagnostic category of anxiety disorders: phobias, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder?
A: Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B: Depression
C: Posttraumatic stress disorder
B: Depression
