N10-007.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Trunk

A

In the context of an Ethernet network, this is a single physical or logical connection that simultaneously carries traffic for multiple VLANs. However, a trunk also refers to an interconnection between telephone switches, in the context of telephony.

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2
Q

Root Port

A

In an STP topology, every nonroot bridge has a single root port, which is the port on that switch that is closest to the root bridge, in terms of cost.

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3
Q

Supplicant

A

In a network using 802.1X user authentication, a supplicant is the device that wants to gain access to a network.

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4
Q

carrier-sense multiple access/collision detection (CSMA/CD)

A

Used on an Ethernet network to help prevent a collision from occurring and to recover if a collision does occur. CSMA/CD is only needed on half-duplex connections.

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5
Q

VLAN

A

A single broadcast domain, representing a single subnet. Typically, a group of ports on a switch is assigned to a single VLAN. For traffic to travel between two VLANs, that traffic needs to be routed.

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6
Q

Power over Ethernet (PoE)

A

Defined by the IEEE 802.3af and 802.3at standards, PoE allows an Ethernet switch to provide power to an attached device (for example, a wireless access point, security camera, or IP phone) by applying power to the same wires in a UTP cable that are used to transmit and receive data.

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7
Q

Designated Port

A

In an STP topology, every network segment has a single designated port, which is the port on that segment that is closest to the root bridge, in terms of cost. Therefore, all ports on a root bridge are designated ports.

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8
Q

Link Aggregation

A

As defined by the IEEE 802.3ad standard, link aggregation allows multiple physical connections to be logically bundled into a single logical connection.

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9
Q

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

A

Defined by the IEEE 802.1D standard, STP allows a network to have redundant Layer 2 connections while logically preventing a loop, which could lead to symptoms such as broadcast storms and MAC address table corruption.

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10
Q

Nondesignated Port

A

In STP terms, nondesignated ports block traffic to create a loop-free topology.

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11
Q

Full-Duplex

A

This connection allows a device to simultaneously transmit and receive data.

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12
Q

Authenticator

A

In a network using 802.1X user authentication, an authenticator forwards a supplicant’s authentication request on to an authentication server. After the authentication server authenticates the supplicant, the authenticator receives a key that is used to communicate securely during a session with the supplicant.

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13
Q

Default Gateway

A

The IP address of a router (or multilayer switch) to which a networked device sends traffic destined for a subnet other than the device’s local subnet.

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14
Q

Multicast

A

A multicast communication flow is a one-to-many flow.

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15
Q

Anycast

A

An anycast communication flow is a one-to-nearest (from the perspective of a router’s routing table) flow.

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16
Q

Variable-length subnet masking (VLSM)

A

The process of assigning various subnetwork IDs in the network to issue the appropriate number of IP addresses.

17
Q

Extended Unique Identifier-64 (EUI-64)

A

A method in IPv6 to calculate a unique host address portion for a node using the MAC address of a device.

18
Q

Neighbor Discovery

A

Any process whereby network elements can discover each other on the network. In the case of EIGRP, hello packets are used, for example.

19
Q

Slash Notation/Prefix Notation

A

A method of indicating how many bits are in a subnet mask. For example, /24 is slash notation for a 24-bit subnet mask. Slash notation is also known as prefix notation.

20
Q

Dual Stack

A

The ability of a network interface to run multiple protocols, such as IP and IPv6.

21
Q

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

A

Allows a networked device to self-assign an IP address from the 169.254.0.0/16 network. Note that this address is only usable on the device’s local subnet (meaning that the IP address is not routable)

22
Q

Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR)

A

Shortens a classful subnet mask by removing right-justified 1s from a classful mask. As a result, CIDR allows contiguous classful networks to be aggregated. This process is sometimes called route aggregation.

23
Q

Block Size

A

The number of IP addresses in a subnet, including the subnet’s address and the subnet’s directed broadcast address.

24
Q

Unicast

A

A unicast communication flow is a one-to-one flow.

25
Q

Tunneling

A

Transmitting traffic with additional encapsulation.

26
Q

Link-Local IP Address

A

A link-local IP address is a nonroutable IP address usable only on a local subnet.

27
Q

Zeroconf

A

A technology that performs three basic functions: assigning link-local IP addresses, resolving computer names to IP addresses, and locating network services.

28
Q

Loopback

A

A loopback interface on a network device is a logical (virtual) interface that is often used for testing purposes.

29
Q

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)

A

A Cisco proprietary protocol. Although EIGRP is popular in Cisco-only networks, it is less popular in mixed-vendor networks. Like OSPF, EIGRP is an IGP with very fast convergence and high scalability. EIGRP is considered to be an advanced distance vector or a hybrid routing protocol.

30
Q

Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)

A

A routing protocol that operates within an autonomous system, which is a network under a single administrative control. OSPF and EIGRP are popular examples of IGPs.

31
Q

Dynamic NAT (DNAT)

A

A variant of NAT in which inside local addresses are automatically assigned an inside global address from a pool of available addresses.

32
Q

Routed Protocol

A

A protocol with an addressing scheme (for example, IP) that defines different network addresses.

33
Q

Split Horizon

A

This feature of a distance-vector routing protocol prevents a route learned on one interface from being advertised back out of that same interface.

34
Q

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

A

A distance-vector routing protocol that uses a metric of hop count. The maximum number of hops between two routers in an RIP-based network is 15. Therefore, a hop count of 16 is considered to be infinite. RIP is considered to be an IGP.

35
Q

Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)

A

A link-state routing protocol similar in its operation to OSPF. IS-IS uses a configurable-yet-dimensionless metric associated with an interface and runs Dijkstra’s shortest path first algorithm. Although using IS-IS as an IGP offers the scalability, fast convergence, and vendor-interoperability benefits of OSPF, it has not been deployed as widely as OSPF.