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Matthew Grade 7 > N/S Physical > Flashcards

N/S Physical Flashcards

1
Q

A Source of Energy

A

Something that stores energy so it can be used later

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2
Q

Non- Renewable energy

A

a Energy source that cannot be replenished once it has been used

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3
Q

Fossil Fuels

A

Non-renewable
Coal, Crude oil, Natural gas

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4
Q

Examples of Non-renewable fuels

A

Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Fuels

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5
Q

Why do SA mine coal

A

Generate electricity
Make Fuel
Used for warming and cooking

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6
Q

Coal consists mainly of

A

Carbon

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7
Q

What is the byproduct when coal is used

A

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

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8
Q

What type of gas is Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

A

Greenhouse gas

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9
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Greenhouse gasses form a blanket around Earth
Prevents heat from escaping the atmosphere
Earth becomes warmer
Like a hot house/greenhouse

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10
Q

Advantages of coal

A

Cheap
Creates jobs

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11
Q

Disadvantages of coal

A

Pollution
Combustion releases lots of greenhouse gases
Coal reserves will be depleted in the long run (non-renewable)

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12
Q

Advantages of crude oil

A

Used for many different fuels

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13
Q

Disadvantages of crude oil

A

Has to be imported from other counties
Prices are variable, depends on politics & economy
(eg. war in Ukraine)

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14
Q

Natural gas is used for

A

Cooking food & barbecue (gas braai)
Gas lamps
Heating
Generating electricity

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15
Q

Where is SA’s nuclear power plant?

A

Koeberg, near Cape Town

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16
Q

What is Uranium

A

A nuclear fuel
Found with gold in the crust of the earth - mined
On the periodic table - U
Radiates energy from the nucleus of the atom
Radioactive

17
Q

Advantages of Nuclear Fuel

A

Very little pollution when managed correct
Sustainable
Effective electricity supply
Safe when regulations are followed

18
Q

Disadvantages of Nuclear Fuel

A

Danger of pollution when not managed correct
Expensive to build nuclear power plant
Danger of radiation
Danger of dumping radioactive waste

19
Q

Renewable Resources

A

The energy is constantly replenished

20
Q

Examples of renewable resources

A

Solar
Wind
Hydro-electricity
Bio-fuels

21
Q

Solar energy

A

Earths most important energy - The Sun

22
Q

Advantages of solar energy

A

Simple design
Little repair & maintenance
No air pollution
Saving of electricity generation by non-renewable sources
Sun ovens can limit the cutting down of trees

23
Q

Disadvantages of solar energy

A

Expensive
Sun does not always shine, need batteries
Does not work at night

24
Q

First wind farm in SA

A

Near Darling in the Western Cape

25
Q

How does wind generate electricity

A

Wind - Turn turbines - Turning turbines generate electricity

26
Q

Advantages of wind energy

A

Relatively cheap
Simple design
No air pollution
Powered without fuel

27
Q

Disadvantages of wind energy

A

Dependent on wind
Not sustainable
Noisy

28
Q

Where can a example of a watermill be seen

A

Canal at Kakemas

29
Q

Hydro-Electricity

A

Water falling down from a height can be used to generate electricity

30
Q

Advantages of hydro-electricity

A

Constant
Available day & night
Energy is freely available, no fuels needed
No waste materials
Relatively cheap once it is developed
A large amount of energy can be produced

31
Q

Disadvantages of hydro-electricity

A

Expensive to develop

32
Q

Bio-fuels

A

Plant materials used for energy

33
Q

Uses for Bio-fuels

A

As fuel for cars
in Heating & cooling systems

34
Q

Advantages of Bio-fuels

A

Guaranteed market for grain products
Development & agricultural production is done in rural areas (job creation)
By-product (waste) in manufacturing = a livestock feed with high nutritional value

35
Q

Disadvantages of Bio-fuels

A

Trees are chopped down
Raw materials could rather have bee used as food
Expensive to develop

Matthew Grade 7 (4 decks)

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