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Literature > Mythology > Flashcards

Mythology Flashcards

1
Q

hero of The Iliad

A

Achilles

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2
Q

an extremely beautiful boy loved by Aphrodite, any handsome young man

A

Adonis

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3
Q

hero of the Aeneid

A

Aeneas

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4
Q

Trojan hero who fled after the fall of Troy to Carthage

A

Aeneas

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5
Q

____ fell in love with ______ in Carthage, but committed suicide when she realized that he could not stay with him forever

A

Dido, Aeneas

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6
Q

Said to have founded Rome (the other story is of Romulus and Remus)

A

Aeneas

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7
Q

she, his wife (along with her love) killed Agamemnon after he returned from the Trojan War

A

Clytemnestra

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8
Q

Helen of Troy’s husband in Greece, brother to Agamemnon

A

Menelaus

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9
Q

daughter of King Oedipus, conflicted but buries her brother despite the King forbidding it, sentenced to death, play by Sophocles

A

Antigone

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10
Q

Mother of Eros and Aeneas

A

Aphrodite

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11
Q

He was worshiped at the Delphic Oracle, where a priestess gave forth his predictions

A

Apollo

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12
Q

Embarked on a quest for othe Golden Fleece (the wool of a flying ram)

A

Jason and the Argonauts

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13
Q

Hera sent this creature with 100 eyes to guard Io from Zeus because only some eyes would be closed to sleep at any one time, Hermes played music to put him to sleep and kill him

A

Argus

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14
Q

King Arthur’s greatest champion, love affair with Queen Guinevere ends Arthur’s kingdom

A

Sir Lancelot

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15
Q

Gave King Arthur Excalibur (in another version he pulled it from a stone), enchanted Merlin, and raised Lancelot after the death of his father

A

Lady of the Lake

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16
Q

this pure knight found the holy grail, could see it in all its spendor because of his purity and virtue, son of Sir Lancelot

A

Sir Galahad

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17
Q

other knight who found the holy grail, opera by Wagner

A

Sir Percival

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18
Q

knight of the round table, story in which he battles the Green Knight

A

Sir Gawain

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19
Q

Arthur’s evil half-sister, sorceress

A

Morgan le Fay

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20
Q

this magician was an advisor to King Arthur and his father Uther Pendragon

A

Merlin

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21
Q

legend says he created Stonehenge as a sepulcher of Pendragon

A

Merlin

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22
Q

King Arthur and this nephew kill each other in battle

A

Mordred

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23
Q

island where they carried King Arthur to after his death (or he still lives there), ruled by Morgan le Fay

A

Avalon

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24
Q

goddess who helped the Greeks during the Trojan Water and later Odysseus in the Odyssey

A

Athena

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25
Q

stables that Hercules cleaned out by diverting two rivers to flow through the stables, during the Labors of Hercules

A

Augean stables (favor was for King Augeas)

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26
Q

Charles Perrault story, monster keeps his former wives behind a certain door and warns his new wife not to open it, 6 wives fail, but last passes the test

A

Bluebeard

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27
Q

prophetess in Troy during Trojan War, her predictions about the Greeks coming were true but never believed. Apollo gave her the gift of prophecy but made people not believe her after she refused his amorous advances.

A

Cassandra

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28
Q

3-headed dog who guards the entrance to Hades, Hercules had to dognap him

A

Cerberus

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29
Q

a concession or bribe

A

to give a sop to cerberus

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30
Q

Roman God for Demeter

A

Ceres

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31
Q

the boatman who carried souls of the dead across the River Styx into Hades, received a coin as payment

A

Charon

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32
Q

monster with the head of a lion, body of a goat, and tail of a dragon/serpent

A

chimera

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33
Q

Jason (of the Argonauts) was raised by this centaur, became the constellation Sagittarius

A

Chiron

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34
Q

sorceress who turned people into pigs, crew of Odysseus fell prey to her spells

A

Circe

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35
Q

ingenious inventor, designer of the labyrinth, and one of the few to escape from it after imprisoned there, father of Icarus (made his wings)

A

Daedalus

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36
Q

flattered the king too much so the king sat him under a sword suspended by a single hair

A

Damocles

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37
Q

Daughter of Agamemnon, helped her brother Orestes kill their Mother Clymnestra and her lover (for killing Agamememnon)

A

Electra

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38
Q

the place where souls of the good went after death, beautiful peaceful place with sunlight, fresh air, etc.

A

Elysian Fields

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39
Q

creature who is part man and part goat

A

satyr (roman name “faun”)

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40
Q

discovered Florida while searing for the Fountain of Youth

A

Juan Ponce De Leon

41
Q

Aesop fable where a ____gives up on grapes saying “those grapes are probably sour anyway”

A

“The Fox and the Grapes”

42
Q

Primal mother figure, gave birth to the sky, the mountains, and the sea, mother of the titans, wife of Uranus

A

Gaea / Gaia

43
Q

God of the sky, gave birth to the titans, husband of Gaea

A

Uranus

44
Q

God of time, husband to Rhea, father to Zeus, ate his children to stay in power

A

Cronus

45
Q

Mother of the gods, wife to Cronus, mother to Zeus

A

Rhea

46
Q

patron saint of England (and Boy Scouts), slayed the dragon

A

Saint George

47
Q

rode naked on horseback covered only by her long hair to get her husband Lord of Coventry to ease taxes

A

Lady Godiva

48
Q

Alexander the Great cutthis knot with his sword to quickly solve a complex problem

A

Gordian knot

49
Q

the cup used at the Last Supper, sought after by King Arthur and the knights of the round table

A

The Holy Grail

50
Q

enormously strong black man who worked on railroads and died from exhaustion after he outperformed a steam drill in a contest

A

John Henry

51
Q

12 seemingly impossible tasks given to Hercules such as cleaning the Augean stables and killing a 9-headed Hydra, done to atone for killing his 6 sons and to gain immortality

A

Labors of Hercules

52
Q

wand of Hermes, traditional symbol of physicians

A

caduceus

53
Q

Actual Native American Chief in the 16h century, husband to Minnehaha, urged peace with the European settlers, known in “The Song of ____” by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

A

Hiawatha

54
Q

He was sent by King Mark to get her from Ireland to Britain, they drank a potion on the way back nd fell in love, the King banished him, he died and she couldn’t make it in time, then died herself beside his corpse

A

Tristan and Isolde (Iseult)

55
Q

A Valkyrie, or woman servant of Odin, she loved the hero Siegfried after he saved her from a ring of fire, after she found out he deceived her, she had him killed and committed suicide

A

Brunhilde

56
Q

Roman god of doors/gateways (hence beginnings), 2 faces looking in opposite directions, January named after him

A

Janus

57
Q

queen of Sparta and mother of Helen of Troy, Zeus raped her as a Swan

A

Leda

58
Q

Robin Hood’s righthand man, among the Merry Men, large and tall (at least 7 ft)

A

Little John

59
Q

location of the Loch Ness Monster (“Nessie”)

A

Loch Ness, a lake in Scotland

60
Q

sorceress who fell in love with Jason but after he left her took revenge by murdering his new bride as well as all of the children she had borne him

A

Medea

61
Q

Roman god of sleep/dreams, “in the arms of _____” means asleep

A

Morpheus

62
Q

9 goddesses who presided over science and the arts, provide source of inspiration for writers

A

Muses

63
Q

beautiful youth who fell in love with his own reflection in a pool and wasted away and died, spurned Echo’s love

A

Narcissus

64
Q

this nymph pined after Narcissus, he ignored her for his own reflection in a pool

A

Echo

65
Q

Norse ruler of the gods, god of wisdom, poetry, farming, and war, Wednesday is named after him (using a form of his name in another language)

A

Odin

66
Q

Norse god of thunder, wields a hammer, Thursday is named after him, born in Asgard but banished to Earth by Odin

A

Thor

67
Q

palace in Asgard, the Norse heaven, reserved for souls of those who died heroic deaths

A

Valhalla

68
Q

Odin & Frigg live in and rule this realm, a section of which is Valhalla

A

Asgard

69
Q

These maidens bring the souls of slain warriors to Valhalla

A

Valkryies

70
Q

trickster Norse God, shapeshifter, competes with Thor to get the throne of Asgard, aids in the death of Baldr and is bound to a rock as punishment (causes earthquakes when he moves)

A

Loki

71
Q

Norse counterparts of the Fates, female deities who determine the course of events, 3 sisters who each control the past, present, and future

A

Norns

72
Q

great musician who could calm wildest animal or make stones rise up through music alone, married to Eurydice

A

Orpheus

73
Q

charmed Cerberus with a lyre

A

Orpheus

74
Q

went to the underworld to save his dead wife Eurydice, Hades agreed but only if he goes ahead of her on his way back up to Earth and doesn’t look back, he does at the end, she vanishes forever

A

Orpheus

75
Q

Orpheus’ wife, failed attempt to save her left her in the underworld forever

A

Eurydice

76
Q

Greek god of flocks, forests, meadows, and shepherds

A

Pan

77
Q

she was given a box by Zeus and told not to open it, she did anyway, releasing all the world’s evils, but shut it before Hope could escape

A

Pandora

78
Q

location of the Delphic Oracle (also one of the places the Muses lived)

A

Mount Parnassus

79
Q

Tamed Pegasus with the help of a bridle given to him by Athena, killed the chimera, fell off of Pegasus to his death

A

Bellerophon

80
Q

Medusa was this type of creature (woman body with snakes for hair) that anyone looked at turned to stone, Medusa was the only 1 of the 3 that was mortal

A

Gorgon

81
Q

the king of Troy, father of Hector, Paris, and Cassandra, killed during the Trojan War

A

Priam

82
Q

Aeschylus wrote ___ Bound play, Percy Shelley wrote ____ Unbound poem

A

Prometheus

83
Q

a sculptor who fell in love with a statue, Venus made statue come to life

A

Pygmalion

84
Q

Meoamerican god (both Aztecs and Toltecs), symbol of death and resurrection, god of wind, usually represented as a plumed serpent (bird + snake)

A

Quetzalcoatl

85
Q

Montezuma thought that Hernando Cortez was this god

A

Quetzalcoatl

86
Q

Robin Hood’s girlfriend

A

Maid Marian

87
Q

Robin Hood’s priest

A

Friar Tuck

88
Q

Robin Hood’s foe

A

Sheriff of Nottingham

89
Q

Twin brothers raised by a she-wolf and founded Rome

A

Romulus and Remus (Romulus killed Remus)

90
Q

story where dwarf promises a woman’s first born child that she can’t guess his name, she does, he goes crazy and destroys himself

A

Rumpelstiltskin

91
Q

horrible 6-headed monster who lived on a rock, across the strait of Messina from Charybdis

A

Scylla

92
Q

Whirlpool across the strait of Messina from Scylla

A

Charybdis

93
Q

king who offended Zeus and was punished in Hades to force an enormous boulder to the top of a steep hill, everytime the boulder neared the top, it would roll back down, and he would have to start over

A

Sisyphus

94
Q

winged monster with the head of a woman, body of a lion, guards the entrance to Thebes with the “4 legs, 2 legs, 3 legs” riddle, Oedipus passed and it killed itself

A

Sphinx (greek version, Egyptian version is a man’s head and guards the pyramids)

95
Q

hero of Switzerland, famous for his skill as an archer, a tyrannical offricial forced him to shoot an apple off his son’s head, shot the Austrial governor Gessler

A

William Tell

96
Q

killed the Minotaur in the labyrinth (with thread for Ariadne to get out), married the queen of the Amazons Hippolyta

A

Theseus

97
Q

defeated the troll under the bridge

A

“The Three Billy Goats Gruff”

98
Q

Greek and Roman god of the west wind, the most pleasant of the winds

A

Zephyr

99
Q

___ swam the Hellespont to visit ___ guided by a lamp she lit, when he drowned one day, she killed herself

A

Leander, Hero

Literature (10 decks)

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