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BIO244 Animal Diversity > Myriapoda/Hexapods > Flashcards

Myriapoda/Hexapods Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Myriapodas Chilopoda class

A

Predatory - Dorso ventrally flattened - Cryptozoic - Repugnatorial glands - Toothed mandibles/poison claws on 1st segments - remaining segments (min 15) have one pair of legs increasing in size - Indirect reproduction via Spermatophore - Respiration via Tracheae

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2
Q

What are the general characteristics of Myriapodas Diplopoda class

A

Cylindrical - Cryptozoic - 4 legs per segment - Slow moving but strong push force - Repugnatorial glands - Respire via Spiracles + Tracheae - Indirect fertilization via Spermatophore - Direct via Gonopods

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3
Q

Why are Onychophora a taxonomical puzzle

A

They hold features from 2 different groups, such as Annelidan and Arthropodan

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4
Q

What are the main characteristics of Hexapods

A

Six legs - Direct development - Unique tracheal system - Malpighain tubules - “Whole limb” Mandibles - Loss of second antennae

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5
Q

Define Malpighian tubules

A

Branching excretory/osmo regulatory system

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6
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Entognatha class

A

Entognathous mouth parts (Internal mouth parts)

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7
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Insecta class

A

No Ocelli (Simple eye) - Reduced compound eyes - Ectognathous mouth parts - 2-3 Caudal Filaments (Abdominal Reproductive structure)

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8
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Insectas sub class Paleoptera

A

Ectognathous mouth parts - Pterygota - Hemimetabolous development

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9
Q

Define Pterygota

A

Wings

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10
Q

Define Hemimetabolous development

A

Incomplete metamorphosis

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11
Q

What are Paleopteras sub classes

A

Odonata and Ephemeroptera

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12
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Paleopteras sub class Odonata

A

Massive mandibles - Prehensile labium (Grasping mouth part) in Larval stage

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13
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Paleopteras sub calss Ephemeroptera

A

Vestigial mouth parts (Function less) in adults

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14
Q

What are the defining features of Hexapodas Insectas sub class Neoptera

A

Ectognathous mouth parts - Pterygota fold back over body

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15
Q

What are the defining features of sub class Neopteras familys (Grasshopper/Beatle/Butterfly)

A 
Othopterodae = Biting/Chewing mouth parts
Hemipterodae = Piercing/Sucking mouth parts < 4 Malpighian tubules - Reduced wing venation
Holometabola = Holometabolous development (Complete metamorphosis)
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16
Q

What are the main features on an insects head

A

Six fused segments - Compound eyes - 3 Ocelli - 2 Antennae - 3 pairs of mouth parts

17
Q

What are the general mouth parts of insects

A

Mandible - Maxilla - Labrum (Front lip) - Labium (Hind lip - 2 fused appendages)

18
Q

Define Diptera

A

Having 2 wings

19
Q

Define Coleoptera

A

Having sheathed wings

20
Q

Define Apterours

A

Without wings

21
Q

Describe an insect thorax

A

3 segments each with a pair of legs - 2nd/3rd segments typlically have Pterygota

22
Q

What are pterygota made of

A

Cuticle with a network or veins

23
Q

Describe an insect abdomen

A

Primitively 11 segments and appendages - i.e Ovipostior (male claspers confined to end segments)

24
Q

What are the general characteristics of Chelicerates

A

2 body sections - No antennae - chelicerae pre oral - Post oral pedipalps + 4 pairs of legs - Book lungs + Bronchiae + Tracheae (Spiracles rare) - Secondarily uniramous appendages - Direct development

25
Q

What are the 3 chelicerates classes

A

Merostomata (Horse shoe crab) - Pycnogonida (Sea spider) - Arachnid

26
Q

What are the main characteristics of Merostomatas

A

Marine - appendages on Prosoma in order -> Chelicerae -> 5 pairs of walking appendages 1st pair = pedipalps, 1st 4 pairs have Gnathobases -> 5th clean gills. 6 appendages on abdomen, 1st = reproduction, nest 5 book gills

27
Q

Define a Prosoma

A

Having the head and thorax fused

28
Q

Define a Gnathobase

A

Site for carrying and masticating food

29
Q

What are the main characteristics of Pyrnogonida

A

Marine - Meglitsh - Very long legs - Small - Reduced abdomen - Complete digestive system - No specialised respiratory/excretory system - Sucking mouth end of Proboscis - direct development (early hatch = larvae)

30
Q

Define Meglitsh

A

Queer creatures with queer habits

BIO244 Animal Diversity (14 decks)

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