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Spinal final exam > Myology of the Back > Flashcards

Myology of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

The trapezius is innervated by what nerve?

A

the spinal accessory nerve

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2
Q

What forms the spinal accessory nerve innervating the trapezius?

A

C1-C5 cord levels contribute to the spinal root of the spinal accessory nerve

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3
Q

The latissimus dorsi is innervated by what nerve?

A

the thoracodorsal nerve

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4
Q

What forms the thoracodorsal nerve innervating the latissimus dorsi?

A

ventral rami from C6-C8

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5
Q

What forms the dorsal scapular nerve?

A

the ventral ramus of C5

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the splenius capitis?

A

dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)

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7
Q

Splenius cervicis will attach to what locations on the spine?

A

lateral mass of C1 & posterior tubercle of transverse process on C1-C4

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8
Q

Which muscles are identified as erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles?

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis lumborum?

A

dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves

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10
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis thoacis?

A

none

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11
Q

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis thoracis?

A

costal angles of the upper 6-7 ribs, transverse process of C7

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12
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longissimus thoracis?

A

accessory process & transverse processes of L1-L5, spinous processes of L3-L5 and median sacral crest S1-S3

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the longissimus cervicis?

A

dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2 spinal nerves (C4-C8 & T1-T2 cord levels)

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14
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the spinalis thoracis?

A

spinous processes of T11 & T12 - L1 & L2

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15
Q

Which muscles are identified as transversospinalis muscles?

A

semispinalis, multifidis and rotators

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16
Q

How many vertebrae can be attached to a single segment by transversospinalis muscles?

A

as many as nine vertebrae

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17
Q

What segment will represent the lowest attachment site for the semispinalis thoracis?

A

T12

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18
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis cervicis?

A

trasnverse tubercles of T1-T5 or T6 & articular processes of C4-C7

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19
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the semispinalis capitis?

A

transverse tubercles of C7, T1-T6 or T7 & articular processes of C4-C6

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20
Q

The semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis may fuse to form what muscle?

A

biventer cervicis

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21
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis?

A

articular process of C4-C7, transverse processes of T1-T12, mammillary processes of L1-L5 and the dorsal surface of S1-S4 or S5

22
Q

Contraction of the classic multifidis will result in what movements of the vertebral column?

A

lateral flexion & rotation of the spine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

23
Q

Contraction of multifidis cervicis will result in what movements?

A

alters the zygapophyseal capsular ligament response to load distribution determines the cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck pain and is a significant contributor to postural control of the head and neck

24
Q

Contraction of multifidis lumborum will result in what movements?

A

lateral flexion & rotation of the lumbar spine, maintains the lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

25
Q

Which muscles of the spine exhibit a reversal of the expected origin - insertion combination?

A

iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum, longissimus thoracic pars lumborum and multifidis lumborum

26
Q

Rotator muscles are typically identified in what region of the spine?

A

the thoracic region

27
Q

Which suboccipital muscle lacks an attachment to the skull?

A

obliquus capitis inferior

28
Q

Which nerve will innervate all suboccipital muscles?

A

the dorsal ramus of C1, the suboccipital nerve

29
Q

What is the origin of the obliquus capitis inferior?

A

C2 spinous process and lamina

30
Q

An increase in the density of muscle spindles is most apparent in which suboccipital muscle?

A

obliquus capitis inferior

31
Q

What is the proposed function of the suboccipital muscle group?

A

postural stabilizers of the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints

32
Q

Which suboccipital muscles are known to attach to dura mater?

A

rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor & obliquus capitis inferior

33
Q

Interspinalis is paired in which regions of the spine?

A

cervical and lumbar regions

34
Q

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the interspinalis?

A

acts as a proprioceptive trasducer in conjunction with intertransversarii to coorrdinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

35
Q

Which if the cervical intertransversarii is innervated by dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves?

A

posterior medial belly, cervical intertransversarii

36
Q

What is the origin of the medial belly of the lumbar intertrasversarii?

A

accessory process of trasverse process L1-L4, mammillary process of superior articular process L1-L4

37
Q

Which muscle group is innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves?

A

intertransversarii

38
Q

Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the intertransversarii?

A

acts as a proprioceptive trasducer in conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

39
Q

What is the origin of the longus colli?

A

vertebral bodies of C5-C6, T1-T3 & anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C5

40
Q

What is the origin of the rectus capitis anterior?

A

lateral mass & costal element of the transverse process of C1

41
Q

What will innervate the rectus capitis anterior?

A

ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves

42
Q

What will innervate the rectus capitis lateralis?

A

ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves

43
Q

What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?

A

ridge and anterior scalene tubercle of the first rib

44
Q

What is the insertion of the middle scalene?

A

between the tubercle and groove for the subclavian arter on the first rib

45
Q

What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?

A

outer serface of second rib

46
Q

What will innervate the posterior scalene?

A

the ventral rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves

47
Q

The quadratus lumborum is implicated in the formation of which ligament?

A

the iliolumbar ligament

48
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major?

A

vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and transverse processes of L1-L5

49
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

vertebral bodies T12, L1

50
Q

What will innervate the psoas minor?

A

the ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve

Spinal final exam (30 decks)

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