MYCOLOGY (Yeast Infections)

Question 1

___ yeasts – Reproduce sexually via ascospores or basidiospores.

Answer 1

True YEASTS

Question 2

___ fungi – Lack a known sexual state or do not reproduce sexually.
For convenience, both groups are referred to as yeasts.

Answer 2

Yeast-like

Question 3

___ species are normal inhabitants of the mucosa, skin, and digestive tract but can cause infections ranging from superficial to systemic.

Answer 3

Candida

Question 4

Candida ___ – The leading cause of yeast infections globally, commonly found on the skin, oral mucosa, and vagina.

Answer 4

albicans

Question 5

Candida ___ – It can cause thrush, a significant indicator of immunosuppression.

Answer 5

albicans

Question 6

Candida ___ – The second most common Candida species, responsible for 21% of urinary yeast infections.

Answer 6

glabrata

Question 7

Candida ___ – It is aggressive and often resistant to traditional antifungal treatments.

Answer 7

glabrata

Question 8

C. ___ is linked to nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections.

Answer 8

parapsilosis

Question 9

___ species cause meningitis, pulmonary disease, and bloodstream infections.

Answer 9

Cryptococcus

Question 10

___ – A major opportunistic pathogen, especially in AIDS patients.

Answer 10

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 11

It is found in pigeon-contaminated soil and spreads via inhalation.

Answer 11

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 12

___ – Emerging in the Pacific Northwest, with a similar but distinct disease pattern compared to C. neoformans.

Answer 12

Cryptococcus gattii

Question 13

Cryptococcus Species

Visualized using ___ or ___ stain in spinal fluid samples.

Answer 13

India ink or Nigrosin stain

Question 14

Cryptococcus Species

Best diagnosed via the ___

Answer 14

cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination test.

Question 15

Urease-___; C. neoformans differentiates from other species by phenol oxidase production.

Answer 15

positive

Question 16

C. gattii grows on ___ agar, unlike C. neoformans.

Answer 16

canavanine glycine bromothymol blue (CGB)

Question 17

Recognized by their bright salmon-pink colonies.

Answer 17

Rhodotorula Species

Question 18

Related to ___ due to capsule formation and urease production.

Answer 18

Cryptococcus

Question 19

Rarely cause disease but can be opportunistic pathogens.

Answer 19

Rhodotorula Species

Question 20

Candida glabrata is distinguishable from C. albicans through ___ tests, notably its rapid trehalose assimilation.

Answer 20

sugar assimilation