Mycology: study of Fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

Mycology

A

study of fungi

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2
Q

Fungi

A

more similar to animals than plants, with aquatic ancestors
that may well have been mobile; all have chitin (polysaccharide) as major part of cell wall

very important decomposers (some pathogens),
chemoorganoheterotrophs (OSMOTROPHS, critically important in carbon cycle –breaking down dead/living organic matter)

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3
Q

Mycelium

A

actual, individual fungal organism;it is composed of filaments/threads known as HYPHAE, which grow, reproduce, and feed

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4
Q

How does mycelium start out?

A

starts growing from a SPORE

spores are reproductive structures produced by fungi –when
spores germinate, hyphae begin growing from them, eventually
leading to a full mycelium underground

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5
Q

Hyphae

A

individual filaments move organic matter they absorb through osmotrophy into their cytoplasm throughout the entire
mycelium system

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6
Q

Pores in relation to hyphae

A

connect hyphal segments and are in support structures known as septa

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7
Q

Fungi are Osmotrophs…

A

hyphae release enzymes into the
environment that break down any surrounding organic matter; products of digestion are then absorbed by hyphae

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8
Q

Components of Fungi

A

Aboveground and Belowground components

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9
Q

Aboveground component of fungi

A

typically, the “fruiting bodies” (reproductive structures), such as MUSHROOMS OR SPORANGIA (diploid tissue); which are made of modified HYPHAE that produce SPORES (haploid) for reproduction.

spores released from fruiting body and then spread to
environment by water, wind, animals

spores germinate when soil temperature and moisture are
at right level…producing a mycelium when they germinate

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10
Q

Sporangia

A

diploid reproductive structures) variable morphology, can be used to identify species; produce haploid SPORES for reproduction, which
are also variable in structure

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11
Q

Belowground component of fungi

A

the mycelium, made up of hyphae, actual fungal organism

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12
Q

Alternation of Generations

A

(like plants & protists), means they have independent haploid gametophytes (that produce gametes) and diploid sporophytes (produce
spores

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