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Foundations > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of fungi is Malassezia furfur?

What do you see on the KOH?

A

Yeast (Superficial)

budding and hyphae (spaghetti and meatballs)

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2
Q

What type of fungi is Trichophyton?

A

Mold - Tinea

Cutaneous

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3
Q

What type of fungi is Epidermophyton?

A

Mold - Tinea

Cutaneous

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4
Q

What type of fungi is Microsporum?

A

Mold - Tinea

Cutaneous

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5
Q

What type of fungi is Candida?

A

Dimorphic

Cutaneous

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6
Q

What type of fungi is Sporothrix schenckii?

A

Dimorphic

Subcutaneous

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7
Q

What type of fungi is Histoplasma capsulatum?

A

Dimorphic

systemic

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8
Q

What type of fungi is Blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

Dimorphic

systemic

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9
Q

What type of fungi is Coccidioides immitis?

A

Dimorphic - Valley fever

systemic

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10
Q

What type of fungi is Cryptococcus neoformans?

A

yeast

opportunistic

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11
Q

What type of fungus is Aspergillus fumigatus?

A

mold

opportunistic

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12
Q

What type of fungus is Rhizopus species?

A

Mold

opportunistic

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13
Q

Name the superficial fungi and the disease

A

Pityriasis versicolor - Malassezia furfur

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14
Q

Name the 2 cutaneous fungi and their diseases

A

Tinea - Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, Microsporum

Candidiasis - Candida albicans

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15
Q

Name the subcutaneous fungi and the disease

A

Sporotrichosis - Sporothrix schenckii

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16
Q

Name the 3 systemic fungi and their diseases

A

Histoplasmosis - Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomycosis - Blastomyces dermatidis
Valley fever - Coccidioides immitis

17
Q

Name the 4 opportunistic fungi and their diseases

A

Cryptococcosis - Cryptococcus neoformans
Aspergillosis - Aspergillus fumigatus -> ABPA, aspergilloma, invasive lung infection
Mucormycosis - Rhizopus species
Pneumocystis pneumonia - Pneumocystis jirovecci

18
Q

What enzyme do fungi secrete?

A

keratinase - breaks down keratin

19
Q

What do you see on the KOH for Tinea? Culture?

A

KOH- branched hyphae
Culture- hyphae, spores

MOLD

20
Q

What are the rash characteristics of candida infections?

A

will involve the creases and have satellite lesions

creamy discharge in thrush and vaginitis

21
Q

Where is Sporothrix schenckii found?

A

soil, plants, ROSE THORNS

22
Q

What is the characteristic lesion in Sporotrichosis?

A

subcutaneous nodule - necrotic, ulcerated

23
Q

Where is Histoplasma capsulatum found?

A

Mississippi + Ohio rivers

bird and bat droppings

24
Q

Where is Blastomyces dermatidis found?

A

Mississippi + Ohio rivers

decomposing wood and leaves

25
Q

What does Valley fever form in the lungs?

A

spherules containing spores that help spread to rest of the body

26
Q

What are the symptoms of Coccidioides immitis?

A

mild URI, pneumonia, fever, cough

27
Q

What is a significant morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans?

A

wide capsule

28
Q

Where is Cryptococcus neoformans found?

A

soil and bird droppings

29
Q

How do you diagnose Cryptococcosis?

A

visualize yeast in spinal fluid

antigen or antibody serology

30
Q

Where do you find Aspergillus fumigatus?

A

grows on decaying vegetation

31
Q

How do you get Aspergillosis?

A

infections through broken skin or inhaled

32
Q

What is the diagnostic characteristic of Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?

A

cough up brownish phlegm with hyphae

33
Q

What is an aspergilloma and how do you treat it?

A

fungal ball in lung

surgical removal

34
Q

How do you get Murcormycosis?

A

inhaled spores -> blood vessel invasion

35
Q

What fungi causes Murcormycosis?

A

Rhizopus species

36
Q

What is the most common opportunistic fungal infection in AIDS patients?

A

Pneumocystis pneumonia

37
Q

How do you treat a Pneumocystis jirovecci infection?

A

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

prophylactic antibiotics

38
Q

What are the characteristics of yeasts?

A

single cell
aerobic
round
reproduce asexually - budding, pseudohyphae

39
Q

What are the characteristics of mold?

A

multicellular colonies
aerobic
branching hyphae
asexual reproduction -> spores

Foundations (3 decks)

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