Mycology

Question 1

Myceteae

Answer 1

Kingdom Fungi

• Yeasts and Molds
• Eukaryotes
• Ubiquitous in Nature – decomposers

Question 2

Fungal Cell Wall

Answer 2

Stiff

• Polysaccharides: Chitin, Mannan, B glucans
• Ergosterol (not cholesterol) cell membrane

Question 3

Yeasts

Answer 3

Unicellular
Facultative anaerobe
Colonies: Creamy, mucoid
Divide by budding: Pseudohyhae
* can contain pseudohyphae and true hypae

Question 4

Molds

Answer 4

Multicellular, filamentous - hyphae or mycelium
obligate aerobes
Colonies: fuzzy, velvety

Question 5

Blastoconidia

Answer 5

Buds of yeast during replication.

Produce pseudohyphae

Question 6

Pseudohyphae

Answer 6

branches of buds (blastoconidia)

Question 7

Germ Tube

Answer 7

Intermediate step between pseudohyphae and true hyphae

Question 8

Medications that target fungi are the same as yeast. T or F

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Candida spp.

Answer 9

Can display pseudohyphae and true hyphae.

Endogenous

Question 10

Hyphae

Answer 10

multicellular

• septate
• nonseptate

Mold only display hyphae

Question 11

Septate Hyphae

Answer 11

45 degree branching - each cell separated by a thin wall which posses pores to transfer between cells

** ASPERGILLUS SP **

Question 12

Nonseptate hypha

Answer 12

MulticelluLar to separation - hardly branched

** ZYGOMYCETE SPP **

Question 13

Fungal reproduction

Answer 13

asexual

sexual

Question 14

Asexual reproduction

Answer 14

ANAMORPH -

• MITOTIC division of haploid nucleus
• yeast – budding
• molds – conidia, arthroconidia

Question 15

Sexual reproduction

Answer 15

TELEOMORPH

• MEIOTIC division of diploid nucleus
• molds – sexual spores off hyphae ends

Question 16

Conidiospores –> germ tube –> hyphae –> conidiospores

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Hyphae

Answer 17

Filamentous outgrowths of mold

Question 18

Mycellium

Answer 18

Groups of hyphae

Question 19

Same fungi will be named differently depending on sexual and asexual state.

Answer 19

Labs will identify by teleomorphic stage

Question 20

Conidia

Arthroconidia

Answer 20

anamorph

Question 21

Conidiospores

Answer 21

teleomorph

Question 22

Pathogenic fungi is classified in (3)

Answer 22

Dimorphic/ Endemic
Opportunistic
Cutaneous

Question 23

Dimorphic fungi

Answer 23

geographically restricted
mold –> 25 - 30 C
yeast –> 35 - 37 c

Question 24

Zygomycete spp

Answer 24

aseptate

Question 25

Aspergillus spp

Answer 25

septate hyphae

Question 26

Diagnostic approaches for fungi

Answer 26

Classic | Novel

Question 27

Classic approach

Answer 27

* Direct Microscopy -- KOH and calcifluor white Fluoresecent stain binds to chitin * Culture * Histopathology

Question 28

Novel approaches

Answer 28

serum biomarkers | direct detection

Question 29

Pancytopenia

Answer 29

low WBC low RBC low PLATELETS

Question 30

C. albicans

Answer 30

endogenous - opportunistic | * can reside in the eye - when infected visit an eye doctor

Question 31

C. glabrata

Answer 31

often resistant to anti fungal drugs (fluconazole) | opportunistic

Question 32

Fungal infections on CT scans

Answer 32

cavitated lesion

Question 33

Coccidiomycosis immitis/posadsil

Answer 33

``` MOLD Asymptomatic -- chronic pneumonia, menigitis "vally fever" Endospores (sexual) Arthroconidia (asexual) Septate hyphae ``` Soil -- arthrospores Human -- endospores

Question 34

Rhinocerebral zygomycosis

Answer 34

mucormycosis * mucor, rhizopus, rhizomucor airborne spores MOLD ZYGOMYCETE SPP -- septate hyphae