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Microbiology 2nd Block > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fungi exist in what forms

A

Yeast
Mold
Yeast like
Dimorphic

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2
Q

Dimorphic yeast exist as ——- and ———- at what temp respectively

A

Yeast —35degree
Mood ——25degree

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3
Q

Fungis that exist as yeast are

A

Cryptococcus
Saccharomyces

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4
Q

The fungi that exist as a pseudo hyphae is

A

Candida spp

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5
Q

Mold existing fungus include

A

Dermatophytes
Aspergillius
Mucor
Penicilliosis
Rhizopus

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6
Q

Dimorphic fungi include

A

Blastomycoses
Paracoccidioces
Coccidiosis
Histoplasma
Sporothrix schenckii
Penicilliolis

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7
Q

Which fungus is also called rose Gardner disease

A

Sporotrichosis caused by sporothrix schenckii

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8
Q

Superficial mycoses include

A

Tiny turtles paint daily

Tinea vesicolor
Tinea Nivea
Piedra
Dermatophytes

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9
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses include

A

Monkey climbs really swiftly

Mycetoma
Chromoblastomycoses
Rhinospordiosis
Sporotricosis

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10
Q

Systemic mycoses include

A

Happy birds chirp peacefully

Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidiomycosis
Paracoccidiomycoses

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11
Q

Opportunistic mycoses includes

A

Candida spp
Cryptococcus
Zygomycoses
Aspergillius
Penicilliosis
Pneumocytosis

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12
Q

Tinea vesicolor also called ——— presents clinically as ———-

A

Pityraisis vesicolor

1) flat hypo to hyperpigmentation on the sebaceous

2) seboharric dermatisis(dandruff)

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13
Q

Example of endogenous oppourtunistic mycoses is

A

Candida spp

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14
Q

Example of oppourtunistic mycoses

A

Curious cat zips around playground park

Candida
Cryptococcus neoformans
Aspergillius fumigatus
Zygomycosis (mucor and rhizopus)
Penicillium Marneffi
Pneumocystis carinii

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15
Q

Vaginal candidiasis is commonest Candida presenting as ————-

A

White creamy acidic vaginal discharge with itching

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16
Q

Vaginal candidioisis can be present in all except

Diabetic mellistus
Pregnant women
Contraceptive

A

None of the above
All are correct

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17
Q

Oral trush is caused by ——— fungus

A

Candidiasis albicans

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18
Q

Oral trush easily infects pple of

A

Bottle fed infants
Aged debilitated individuals

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19
Q

C.albicans is distinguished from other species by

A

Germ tube formation when incubated with human serum at 30•

Major ability to form chlamydospore on corn meal agar at 20•

Sugar fermentation test

Assimilation test

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20
Q

Topical treatment for c albicans infection

A

Nystatin

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21
Q

Systematic treatment for c albicans is

A

Fluconazole
Amphotericin B
5- floroctocine
Clotimazole

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22
Q

Aspergillius exist in what fungi form ??

A

Mold form

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23
Q

The mold fungus that are found on wet bread and dead decaying matter is ————

A

Aspergillius

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24
Q

What are these drugs and their function

Capsifugin
Fluconazole
Terbitafine
Nystatin
Amphotericin B
Flucystosine

A

Capsifugin : inhibits fungi cells wall formation by inhibiting B(1,3) glucan synthase

Fluconazole: attacks cell membrane by inhibiting the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol

Terbitafine: inhibits squalene epixodase needed in ergosterol synthesis

Nystatin: attacks ergosterol memebrane creating pores which causing leakage of the membrane

Amphotericin B: same as nystatin

Flucystosine: inhibits dna synthesis of fungi

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25
Q

The 4 lab diagnosis we do for fungal infection is
(And explains each)

A

Direct microscopy: to see the morphology……
The tissue specimen is brought and KOH is poured to dissolve away the tissue and leave the fungi because fungi are alkaline resistant… check the microscope to see the hyphae, yeast etc

Culture: grow in sabuoraud agar for the colonies of fungi…. The sabourauds agar kills any bacteria in the tissue specimen leaving alone the fungi due to its acidic environment

Serologic test : to check the presence of anti bodies

Polymorphic chain reaction test (pcr test): check for dna of the fungi eg HISDNA - histoplasma capsulatum dna

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26
Q

The cell wall of fungi is made up of ——-

A

Chitin a B glucan ( polymer of D glucan )

27
Q

Identify the location of this infection

Tinea pedis
Tinea coporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea unguinium
Tinea manuum
Tinea Cruris

A

Infection of web spaces of foot( althelete foot)

Infection of the body/skin

Infection of scalp

Infection of the nail

Infection of the palm

Infection of the groin( jock itch)

28
Q

The causative agent for tinea nigra is ————-

A

Cladosporium werneckii

29
Q

The causative agent to Tinea vesicolor is ———

A

Malessesia furfur

30
Q

The causative agent that causes sporotthricosis is ———-

A

Sporothrix schenckii

31
Q

Sporotrichosis is usually called ———-

A

Rose gardeners infection

32
Q

Sporothrix schenckii is a ———- mycoses that is transmitted by ———

A

Subcutaneous mycoses

Transmitted by rose thorn prick

33
Q

The clinical manifestation of sporothricosis???

A

Sporotrichosis manifests as painless lesions along the lymphatic nodules of the skin it infected

34
Q

The drug used to cure Sporotrichosis is

A

Itraconazole

35
Q

A subcutaneous mycoses that presents as warty like lesions on the skin is ————-

A

Chromoblastomycoses

36
Q

Mycetoma is caused by???

A

Eumycetoma —- caused by madurella mycetomatis/ petrilidium madurella

Actinomycetes- Mycetoma caused by a bacteria — norcardia

Botryomycosis- Mycetoma like lesion caused by staphylococcus aureus

37
Q

Mycetoma presents clinically as

A

Swollen leg with painless several lesions on the foot with granulated pus

38
Q

The fungus that presents with spherules microscopically is ——

A

Coccidiodes immitis

39
Q

The transmission pathway of coccidiodes immitis

A

1)C.immitis is a Dimorphic bacteria
2) exist as mold in the environment
3) it’s hyphea produces asexually releasing athrospores
4) athrospores are inhaled and grow into spherules
5) the spherules mature containing endospores
6) the endopores also grows too to become spherules and they spread from lungs into the system by blood

40
Q

The spherules of C.immitis grow in all system particularly the

A

Bone and cns - meningitis

41
Q

C.immitis is also called

A

Valley fever
Desert rheumatism

42
Q

Histoplasmosis is caused by what fungus ———

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

43
Q

The sexual spores produed by Histoplasma capsulatum is

A

Macroconidia—- seen microscopically

Microconidia —- very small and the infective part of H. Capsulatum

44
Q

A fungus yeast cells that is seen microscopically inside a macrophage is ——-

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

45
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum is seen microscopically as

A

Yeast inside a macrophage

46
Q

Blastomycosis is a ——- mycoses that is caused by ———-

A

Systemic mycoses

Caused by blastomyces dermatidis

47
Q

A fungus that present microscopically with broad base bud is

A

Blastomyces dermatitides

48
Q

A fungus that present microscopically with narrow base bud is

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

49
Q

A fungus that present microscopically as a ship captains wheel (yeast with multiple bud) is

A

Paracoccidioses brasilensis

50
Q

P.brasilensis presents microscopically as

A

A yeast with multiple buds ( a ship captains wheel)

51
Q

Candida albicans is a ——-mycoses that is found where??

A

Oppourtunistic mycoses

Found as the Normal Flora of mouth ,eosophagus, vagina, skin

52
Q

Candida albicans causes what Pathologic illness

A

Thrush , vaginitis, eosphagitis, diaper rash

53
Q

Vaginitis itching and discharge is worsened by

A

Low pH

Diabetics mellistus

Taking antibiotics: because the antibiotics kills a normal flora bacteria - lactobacillius which keeps the ph of our vagina high( alkaline)

54
Q

The fungus that form “germ tubes” at 37• in serum is

A

Candida albicans

55
Q

A characteristic feature of Candida albicans is its formation of

A

Chlamydospore and germ tubes

56
Q

Chlamydospore is a characteristic of what fungi

A

Candida albicans

57
Q

The confirmatory test for only C.albicans is

A

1) calcoflour white stain used instead of germ stain ….it is positive in the yeast of pseudohypheae

2) presence of chlamydospore

3) presence of germ tubes at 37• in serum

58
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans causes

A

Meningitis

59
Q

In the lab diagnosis of Cryptococcus neoformans;

Serology test shows ———-

Microscopically;

Stains used is

A

Serology test shows capsular antigen after a latex agglutination test ( cryptococcal antigen test)

Microscopically: spinal fluid + India ink

Stains used is : methanamine silver stain, periodic acid schiff (PAS) stain , mucicarmine stain

60
Q

The fungus that causes fungus ball in the lungs is

A

Aspergillius fumigatus

61
Q

Aspergillius presents microscopically with

A

Septate hyphae with V-shaped branch

62
Q

Aspergillius is different from mucor fungi in the sense that

A

Aspergillius- septae hyphea with V-shaped branch

Mucor - unseptated hyphea with right angled branch

63
Q

Mucor fungi causes

A

Mucormycosis

64
Q

Mucor fungus mode of transmission

A

The mold gets into the blood vessel esp the sinus, lungs and gut

The mold begins growing hyphae inside blood vessel which leads to infarction then necrosis

Microbiology 2nd Block (4 decks)

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