Mycobacterium

Question 1

Mycobacteria are acid fast due to ____-_____ cell wall resistant to digesting agents such as strong acids and bases.

Answer 1

lipid-rich

Question 2

Four species of Mycobacterium

Answer 2

M. tuberculosis
M. ulcerans
M. leprae
Nontuberculosis mycobacteria

Question 3

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

Answer 3

M. tuberculosis
M. bovis
M. microti
M. africanum

Question 4

Mycobacterium tuberculosis was discovered by ____ _____.

Answer 4

Robert Koch

Question 5

Mycobacterium tuberculosis are intracellular and prevent the formation of the _________.

Answer 5

phagolysosome

Question 6

True/False Mycobacterium tuberculosis is anerobic

Answer 6

False, it is aerobic

Question 7

True/False Mycobacterium is motile

Answer 7

False, it is nonmotile

Question 8

Mycobacterium are Gram-_______.

Answer 8

positive

Question 9

Mycobacterium are hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 9

hydrophobic

Question 10

M. tuberculosis has weight ____ despite ______ appetite.

Answer 10

loss; increased

Question 11

Types of tuberculosis

Answer 11

Pulmonary
Digestive
Renal

Question 12

M. tuberculosis virulence factors

Answer 12

Waxy cell wall
Ability to invade and survive within macrophages

Question 13

Mycobacterial antigens have been classified as

Answer 13

Soluble
Carbohydrates or proteins
By their distribution within the genus

Question 14

M. tuberculosis transmission

Answer 14

droplets from person with active case

Question 15

Inflammation from M. tuberculosis infection can lead to an “_______ _______” and end up with a granulooma

Answer 15

exudative lesion

Question 16

The granuloma caused by an exudative lesion becomes surrounded by _____ which calcifies into a ________.

Answer 16

fibrin; tubercle

Question 17

The tubercle can burst years after primary infection causing a ________ _________.

Answer 17

reactivation TB

Question 18

Special media for M. tuberculosis

Answer 18

Löwenstein–Jensen medium

Question 19

Description of M. tuberculosis growth on this medium

Answer 19

Buff, rough, and tough

Question 20

A positive Mantoux test can mean
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________

Answer 20

1. Could have an active infection
2. Could have been infected but were one of the 90% who are asymptomatic
3. Have had the immunization

Question 21

Leprosy is also known as _______ Disease.

Answer 21

Hansen’s

Question 22

The morphology is indistinguishable from _____________.

Answer 22

M. tuberculosis

Question 23

M. leprae has not been cultured on routine mycobacteria media. I has been cultured on a _______ _______ and a ____-_____ _______.

Answer 23

mouse footpad
Nine-banded armadillo

Question 24

Leprosy tuberculoid is ______.

Answer 24

Localized; confined to skin and nerves

Question 25

Lepromatous is ________.

Answer 25

disseminated

Question 26

MOTT stands for what?

Answer 26

Mycobacteria Other Than Tubercle Bacilli

Question 27

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria transmission

Answer 27

Frequently environmental

Question 28

Runyon Classification Group I

Answer 28

Photochomogens - pigment on exposure to light

Question 29

Runyon Classification Group II

Answer 29

Scotochromogens - pigment in the dark

Question 30

Runyon Classification Group III

Answer 30

Non-photochromogens

Question 31

Runyon Classification Group IV

Answer 31

Rapid Growers growth at 4-6 days

Question 32

Example of a photochromogen

Answer 32

M. kansaii M. marinum

Question 33

Examples of scotochromogens

Answer 33

M. gordonae M. scrofulaceum M. szulgai

Question 34

Where is M. kansasii found?

Answer 34

water

Question 35

What does M. kansaii cause?

Answer 35

chronic pulmonary disease and extra pulmonary diseases such as cervical lymphadentitis and cutaneous disease.

Question 36

where is M. marinum found?

Answer 36

Found in salt water and fresh water- contamination from infected fish and other wildlife

Question 37

What does M. marinum cause

Answer 37

Cutaneous disease - usually enters through open wounds or traumatic injury

Question 38

M. marinum grows better at _____C.

Answer 38

30 degrees C

Question 39

M. goronae rarely causes disease and is found in ________.

Answer 39

water

Question 40

M. Scrofulaceum is usually found in ______, _____, and ________.

Answer 40

Raw milk, soil, water, and other dairy products.

Question 41

M. scrofulaceum causes what diseases?

Answer 41

Cervical adentitis in children, pulmonary disease, skin infections, and bacteremia.

Question 42

M. szulgai are found in ____ and ____.

Answer 42

water and soil

Question 43

M. szulgai causes what diseases?

Answer 43

Pulmonary disease, cervical adentitis, and bursitis.

Question 44

Examples of Nonphotochromogens

Answer 44

M. avium comlex M. xenopi M. ulcerans M. haemophilum

Question 45

M. avium complex is the most common _____ in the USA.

Answer 45

Nontuberculosis mycobacteria

Question 46

M. avium complex is ubiquitous in ______,______, and ______.

Answer 46

water, soil, and animals