Mycobacteria/ acid fast bacteria/ spirochetes

Question 1

mycobacterium TB

Answer 1

Acid fast, Bacillis, Aero, lipd rich cell wall
Slow growth, intracellular, Disease due to host response, Mult Drug Resistance (MDR) mostly aSx, TB, can be extrapulmonary (pleura, CNS, GU, etc.)

Question 2

M. leprae

Answer 2

Acid fast, Bacillis, Aero, lipd rich cell wall	
Obligate intracellular (can't culture), Disease due to host response	
D: Tuberculoid Leprosy (strong cellular immune reponse, few bacteria), Lepromatous Lep (Strong antibody response, defective cell response, lots bact

Question 3

M. avium

Answer 3

Acid fast, Bacillis, Aero, lipd rich cell wall
avium and intracellulare species, common in soil and water, inhaled contaminated H20
D: aSx colonization, chronic localized pulmonary disease, disseminated disease in AIDS patients

Question 4

Nocardia spp.

Answer 4

Acid fast, Bacillis, Aero, filamentous
in soil w/ rich organic matter, serious problems in immunocompromised
D: Bronchopulmonary disease, lymphocutaneous disease, brain abcesses in immunocompromised

Question 5

treponema pallidum

Answer 5

Spirochete, G- like,
Humans natural host, can’t be cultured, serology diagnosis in 2nd and late stages
D: Syphillis: 1-painless chancres, 2-disseminated and rash, Latent-aSx found in serum, Late- mult organ failure. Can be congenital

Question 6

borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 6

Spirochete, G- like, poor staining
zoonotic (LEADING VECTOR-BORNE DZ IN USA) mice and deer res, Ticks (hard shell)
D: lyme disease: initial bull’s eye rash (1/3 the time), Late- arthritis, neuro and cardiac problems

Question 7

borrelia spp. - relapsing fever

Answer 7

Spirochete, G- like,
relapse due to lipoprotein coat helps evade immune system
D: Endemic: West US and world-wide, rodents and soft ticks, Epidemic: Africa, man resevoir, louse vector

Question 8

leptospira interrogans

Answer 8

Spirochete, G- like,
zoonotic, conact with urine contaminated water food or soil, D: leptospirosis: mostly mild flu-like Sx. Can be systemic w/ meningitis. Weil syndrome: vascular collapse, hepatic dz w/ jaundice, renal failure