Mutuations

Question 1

What is a mutation?

Answer 1

Any change to the quantity or the base sequence of DNA

Question 2

How do mutations affect transcription?

Answer 2

Triplet codes are transcripts into mRNA

Change in DNA sequence changes mRNA sequence

Question 3

How do mutations affect translation?

Answer 3

Change in mRNA sequence changes amino acid order

Change in amino acids, changes the protein produced

Question 4

If there is an increase in mutation what happens to variation?

Answer 4

Increase in mutations = increased variation

Question 5

What are the 3 types of mutation?

Answer 5

Deletion, insertion, substitution

Question 6

What is insertion?

Answer 6

A nucleotide is added to the DNA sequence

Question 7

What is deletion?

Answer 7

A nucleotide is lost from the DNA sequence

Question 8

What is substitution?

Answer 8

One nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide with a different base

Question 9

How many amino acids will be affected by substitution?

Answer 9

One

Question 10

How many amino acids will be affected by deletion and insertion?

Answer 10

The whole amino acid sequence

Question 11

What is frameshift

Answer 11

Every amino acid after the insertion or deletion will change

Question 12

What are Chromosomal mutations

Answer 12

Changes in the structure or number of whole chromosomes

Question 13

What are the two types of chromosomal mutations?

Answer 13

Changes in whole sets of chromosomes

Changes in number of individual chromosomes per cell