Mutations, Alleles, & Traits

Question 1

set of genetic alleles in an organism

Answer 1

genotype

Question 2

mutations that add or remove at least one DNA base

Answer 2

Insertion & Deletions (INDELS)

Question 3

mutations that change the identity of the DNA base

Answer 3

Point Mutations

Question 4

A ____ is a DNA sequence that encodes a specific RNA molecule.

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

mutations that have no effect on an organisms’ ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 5

Neutral Mutations

Question 6

two copies are required to cause a phenotype

Answer 6

Recessive Allele

Question 7

Chromosomal rearrangements arise from damage to the ___ ________.

Answer 7

DNA backbone

Question 8

All alleles originate from _________.

Answer 8

mutations

Question 9

a single copy is sufficient to cause a phenotype

Answer 9

Dominant Allele

Question 10

two identical alleles of a gene

Answer 10

homozygous

Question 11

mutations that decrease an organisms’ ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 11

Negative Mutations

Question 12

_____ are encoded by genes.

Answer 12

Traits

Question 13

different versions of the same gene

Answer 13

Allele

Question 14

physical trait encoded by genetics

Answer 14

phenotype

Question 15

any change in the DNA sequence of genes or other DNA sequences

Answer 15

Genetic Mutations

Question 16

two different alleles of a gene

Answer 16

heterozygous

Question 17

Neutral, Negative, and Positive Mutations are NOT determined by the impact of the mutation on _______ _______.

Answer 17

protein function

Question 18

mutations that change, add, or remove DNA sequences for a few bases

Answer 18

Small Mutations

Question 19

Alleles are 2 versions of the same gene that are found at the same _______ ______.

Answer 19

genetic locus

Question 20

mutations that cause large DNA sequences to be copied, deleted, or rearranged

Answer 20

Chromosomal Mutations

Question 21

mutations that increase an organisms’ ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 21

Positive Mutations

Question 22

environmental agents that cause DNA damage

Answer 22

Mutagens