Mutations Flashcards
What is a gene mutation?
A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene.
True or False: Chromosomal mutations involve changes in the structure or number of chromosomes.
True
Fill in the blank: A mutation that results in a premature stop codon is called a __________ mutation.
nonsense
What are the two main types of mutations?
Gene mutations and chromosomal mutations.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of gene mutation? A) Substitution B) Insertion C) Deletion D) Translocation
D) Translocation
What is the effect of a silent mutation?
It does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein.
True or False: Chromosomal mutations can lead to genetic disorders.
True
What is a frameshift mutation?
A mutation caused by insertions or deletions that alters the reading frame of the genetic code.
Fill in the blank: A mutation that adds one or more nucleotide pairs is called an __________ mutation.
insertion
Multiple choice: Which type of mutation involves a change in chromosome structure? A) Point mutation B) Chromosomal mutation C) Gene mutation D) None of the above
B) Chromosomal mutation
What is a deletion mutation?
A mutation where one or more nucleotide pairs are removed from a gene.
True or False: Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
True
What is a translocation mutation?
A chromosomal mutation where a segment of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome.
Fill in the blank: The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is known as its __________.
genetic code
Multiple choice: What type of mutation results in the exchange of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes? A) Inversion B) Duplication C) Translocation D) Deletion
C) Translocation
What is an inversion mutation?
A chromosomal mutation where a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.
True or False: All mutations are caused by environmental factors.
False
What is a point mutation?
A mutation that affects a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.
Fill in the blank: Mutations can be induced by __________ factors, such as radiation and chemicals.
mutagenic
Multiple choice: Which type of mutation can lead to a change in the phenotype of an organism? A) Silent mutation B) Nonsense mutation C) Missense mutation D) Both B and C
D) Both B and C
What is a missense mutation?
A mutation that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in a protein.
True or False: Mutations occur only in somatic cells.
False
What is the role of DNA repair mechanisms?
To correct errors that occur during DNA replication and maintain genomic stability.
Fill in the blank: Genetic mutations can contribute to __________ in populations over time.
evolution
