mutations

Question 1

define gene mutation

Answer 1

a change in the sequance of the bases

Question 2

what are the two main mutations that can occour

Answer 2

substitution of bases
deletion of bases

Question 3

what is the substitution of bases

Answer 3

where one base is substituted for anouther

Question 4

what is the effect of this substitution of bases

Answer 4

a reblacement in a base effects the tertiary structure of the amino acid meaning it will no longer code for the same polypeptide, fit the substrate, or catalyse a rection

Question 5

what is the other mutation that can occour

Answer 5

deletion of bases

Question 6

what is deletion of bases

Answer 6

where a nucleoride is deleted from the sequence

Question 7

what are other mutations that can occour

Answer 7

chromosome mutations

Question 8

what are the two form chromosome mutations can take

Answer 8

change in whole sets of chromosomes
changes in the number of individual chromosomes

Question 9

what does the change in whole sets of chromosomes mean

Answer 9

occours when organisms have three or more sets of chromosomes rather than the usual two

Question 10

what is an example of the changes in the number of individual chromosomes

Answer 10

non-disjunctionw

Question 11

what is non-disjunction

Answer 11

where individual homologous pairs of chromosomes fail to seperate during meiosis