genetic diversity and adaptation Flashcards
define gentic diversity
the total number of different alleles in a population
define a population
a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same space and can interbreed
what makes it more likely a population will survive a enviromental change and why
a greater genetic diversity as more individuals are more likely to survive- they have a greater probabiltiy of survival due to a wide range of characteristics
how does natural selection occour in the evolution of populstions
reproductive sucess and allele frequancy
how does reproductive sucsess and allele frequancy affect evelution of population
within a population their will be a gene pool containing a variety of different genes
what then happens to this gene pool
random mutation of allels within gene pool will lead to a new gene wich may be harmfull.
however this certain gene in some enviroments may provide advantagous characteristics.
what do these advantagous characteristics mean
a better chance of survival meaning species is more likely to reproduce and sucsessfully pass on mutation to offspring.
offspring then have new advantagous allel.
means over generations a new species is created and those with adavntagous allele is more compared to non-mutated advantagous allele
what is anouther way of reducing genetic diversity
bottle neck effect
what is the bottle neck effect
an event that causes a big reduction in a population
what does this bottle neck effect and a drastic reduce in population mean
a new population is formed with a reduced genetic diversity
what is the founder effect an example of
genetic bottle neck
what is the founder effect
what happens when just a few organisms from a population start a new coloney and there is only a few different allels in the initiall gene pool
