Mutationn Nnn

Question 1

Hugo de varies mutation theory experimental plant =
Propositions of mutation theory 1
2
3
4

Answer 1

Oenothra Lamarckism ( evening primrose )
Mutation is a jerky process / saltatory process ( single step process
Main fountain for evolution = mutation
Mutation occur in all direction ( progressive as well as retrogressive
Useful mutation selected by nature and lethal mutation eliminated by nature

Question 2

Mutation theory experiment

Evidence in favour of mutation theory

Answer 2

Natural plant ( selfing) a) more normal plant b) few different plant (selfing ) a) more different plant b) few more different plant
Ancon sheep = short legged sheep
Hair less cat
Hornless cattle

Question 3

Criticism of mutation theory

According to Hugo de Vries mutation are , while Darwinian
Evolution for Darwin was , while Hugo de Vries believed , called it

Answer 3

Main plant material ( oenothera lamarckiana )
No idea about natural selection
Random and direction less , variation are small and directional
Gradual , mutation caused speciation , saltation ( single step mutation

Question 4

Modern synthetic theory _______
Scientists , .

Source of variation

Answer 4

Most popular accepted theory of evolution
R.A Fischer
Sewall Wright
Debzhansky
Hardy Weinberg
Stebbins
Mutation, genetic drift , recombination, gene migration/ gene flow , natural selection

Question 5

Hardy Weinberg principle
Factor affecting

Answer 5

Gene frequency will remain constant if certain conditions are satisfied
( opposite ) Random mating population
No mutation
Non evolving population
No genetic drift
No gene migration
No natural selection
No recombination

Question 6

Allele == frequency
Homo domi () = frequency , recessive
Eq

Answer 6

A= p. a= q
AA = p2 . aa = q2
P2+2pq+q2 = 1
(P+q)2 =1
P+q = 1

Question 7

genetic drift / =
Type

Gene migration
Type

Answer 7

Sewall wright effect = drastic change in which allelic frequency ( seen in small size population)
Founder effect = original population to new isolated place
Bottle neck effect
Movement of individual from one place to another
Immigration +
Emigration -

Question 8

Gene flow
Natural selection
Type 1 , peak
Select , eliminate
Eg

Answer 8

Gene migration occurs many times
Stabilising selection (balancing type ) , gets narrow and higher
Average mean value , extreme value
Human height
Weight of newly born baby
Wing length of howks
Sickle cell anemia

Question 9

Type 2 , peak
Select , eliminate
Eg
Type 3 , peak
Select , eliminate
Eg

Answer 9

Directional selection/ progressive , shifts in one direction
Only one extreme point ( higher / lower) , avg and other extreme
Industrial melanism, DDT resistance in mosquito, antibiotic resistance in bacteria
Disruptive selection , two peak form l
Both extreme value , mean value
A marine limpet

Question 10

Stabilising =
Directional
Disruptive

Answer 10

More individual acquire mean character value
More individual acquire value other than mean chara value
More individual acquire peripheral character value at both the ends

Question 11

Industrial melanism _____ moth ()
Type ()
Lederbeg replica plating experiment =

Answer 11

Qeppered ( biston betularia )
Darker ( biston betularia carboneria ) , lighter ( biston betularia typica)
Mutation are pre dominant
Joshua lederberg , Esther lederberg

Question 12

Speciation =
Types 1
2 = eg

Answer 12

Formation of new species
Allaptric = Formation of new species due to biogeographical barrier
Sympatric = Formation of new species due to reproduction barrier , polyploidy in plants

Question 13

Reproduction isolation =
1type = a eg _____ isolation ( due to
b
c
d
2 type eg a

Answer 13

Prevention of interbreeding b/w 2 different species of individual
Prezygotic Barrier, mechanical ( different external genitalia
Psychological iso
Seasonal
Gametic
Post zygotic barrier , zygote inviability , hybrid sterility ( mule , hinna ) , hybrid breakdown ( liger , tigon

Question 14

Human evolution trick
Evolutionnn

Answer 14

Please do remember apple has essential nutrients for human health
Parapithecus
Dryopithecus
Ramapithecus
Austrilopithecus
Homohabilis
Homoeructus
Neanderthal man
Cromagon man ( homosapians fossils
Homosapiens ( modern man

Question 15

More man like , more ape like , year
Next brain capacity , year , discovered in , walked in , first man who
Next brain capacity also known as , eat

Answer 15

Ramapithecus , dryopithecus , 15 mya
Austrilianopithecus , 500 cc,2 mya , Ethiopia and Tanzania , Eastern Africa , stood erect
Homo habilis , 650-800 cc, handyman , skilful man , toolmaker , fish

Question 16

Homo erectus discovered in , year , existed about , cranial capacity
Ate , first man to
Neanderthal man lived near , year , brain size , system.
Cromagnon man / , cranial capacity of
Developed about , seen at

Answer 16

Java , 1891 , 1.5 million , 900 cc ,
Meat ,fire for hunting , protection , cooking
East and Central Asia , 100000 - 40000, 1400 cc , burial system
Homo sapiens fossilis , 1650 cc
Pre historic cave art about 18000 , bhimbetka rock shelter in raisen district of Madhya Pradesh

Question 17

Modern man / , during ____ b/w , brain capacity
Start agriculture
Story of evolution of modern man appears to be
Direct ancestors of Homo sapiens, of modern man ()

Answer 17

Homo sapiens , ice age , 75000-10000 , 1450 cc
10000 years
Parallel evolution of human beings and language
Homo erectus
Cromagnon man ( Homo sapiens sapiens