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Humanities > Music Something idk > Flashcards

Music Something idk Flashcards

1
Q

Middle Ages Years

A

450-1450

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2
Q

Middle Age Events

A 
Rome sacked by Vandals—455
McGraw-
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Beowolf—c. 700
First Crusade—1066
Black Death—1347-52
Joan of Arc executed by English—1431
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3
Q

Ren years

A

1450-1600

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4
Q

Ren. events

A

Guttenberg Bible—1456
Columbus reaches America—1492 Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa—c. 1503 Michelangelo: David—1504
Raphael: School of Athens—1505 Martin Luther’s 95 Theses—1517
Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet—1596

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5
Q

Middle Ages Things

A

Period of wars and mass migration
• –
Strong class distinctions

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6
Q

castles, knights in armor, feasting

A

nobility

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7
Q

lived in huts, serfs—part of land

A

peasantry

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8
Q

ruled everyone, only monks literate

A

clergy

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9
Q

Rebirth of human learning and creativity
• Time of great explorers • Humanism
• Fascination w/ ancient Greece & Rome

A

ren.

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10
Q

Middle Ages Arch.

A

Early: Romanesque
–
Late: Gothic

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11
Q

MA Visual Arts

A

Stressed iconic/symbolic, not realism

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12
Q

Late Middle Ages saw technological

A

progress

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13
Q

dominates musical activity in MA

Most musicians were priests
–
Women did not sing in mixed church settings

A

Church

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14
Q

Music primarily in MA

A

vocal and sacred; no instruments in church

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15
Q

Was official music of Roman Catholic Church No longer common since 2nd Vatican Council
Monophonic melody set to Latin text
Flexible rhythm without meter and beat
Named for Pope Gregory I (r. 590-604)
Originally no music notation system
Notation developed over several centuries (see p. 68)

A

Gregorian Chant

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16
Q

•
“Otherworldly” sound—basis of Gregorian Chant
•
Different 1⁄2 and whole steps than modern scales
• –
Middle Ages and Renaissance use these scales Some Western Music uses these scale patterns

A

Church Modes

17
Q

Church Modes

A

What Do You Do With a Drunken Sailor?—Dorian mode When Johnny Comes Marching Home—Aeolian mode

18
Q

Originally written without accompaniment
This recording includes a drone—long, sustained notes
Note extended range of melody
Written for nuns by a nun (to be sung in convent)

A 
O Successores (You Successors)
Hildegard of Bingen
19
Q

Troubadours (southern France) and Trouveres (northern France)
– -
Nobles wrote poems/songs for court use Performed by jongleurs (minstrels)
–
Topics: courtly love, Crusades, dancing

A

Secular Music in Middle Ages

20
Q

– -
Notated as chant: only a single melody line Performers probably improvised accompaniment
– -
Listening example—Brief Set, CD 1:51
This performance played on period instruments
-
Drone on psaltery (plucked or struck string instrument)

Triple Meter with strong beat (dancing)

MA Dance Music

A

Estampie

21
Q

Between 700-900 a___ ____added to chant Additional part initially improvised, not written Paralleled chant line at a different pitch

A

2nd line

22
Q

900-1200 added line grew more ______
–
–
Contrary motion, then later a separate melodic curve
–
c. 1100 note-against-note motion abandoned
- -
2 lines w/ individual rhythmic and melodic content
New part, in top voice, moved faster than the chant line

(Organum)

A

independent

23
Q

School of Notre Dame

A

Measured Rhythm

24
Q

_________ composers developed a rhythmic notation
Chant notation had only indicated pitch, not rhythm
Notre Dame’s choirmasters Leonin & Perotin were leaders

Writing with notated rhythm came to be called the Notre Dame style

A

Parisian

25
Q

Medieval thought was that interval of___ dissonant Modern chords built of ____ are now considered consonant

A

3rd

26
Q

• –
Composers wrote music not based on chant Borrowed secular melodies to put in sacred music
•
New music notation system had developed
•
The new type of music was called ars nova

A

14th Century Music: “New Art” In France

27
Q

Mid- to late-14th Century composer (1300-1377) Also famous as a poet
Though a priest, spent most of life working at court
• •
Wrote both sacred and secular music Best known for his Notre Dame Mass

A

Guillaume de Machaut

28
Q

Church choirs grew in size (all male)
• –
Rise of the individual patron
Musical center shifted from Church to courts
– –
Court composers wrote secular & sacred music Women did not sing in mixed church settings

A

Music in the Renaissance

29
Q

Musicians: higher status & pay than before Composers became known for their work
• –
Many composers were _____Worked throughout Europe, especially in Italy
• –
___- became music capital in 16th Century Other important centers: Germany, England & Spain

A

Franco-flemish

Italy

30
Q

Vocal music more important than instrumental Word painting/text painting

A

yeah vocals were more imporant in the ren

31
Q 
•
Polyphonic
• –
Primarily vocal-a cappella
Instruments, if present, doubled the vocal par

Rhythm “flows” and overlaps
Composers less concerned with metrical accents

Smooth, stepwise melodies predominate Melodies overlap rhythmically between voices

A

types of ren. music

32
Q

Short polyphonic choral work

Latin text usually overlaid with vernacular text Often borrows lowest voice part from a chant

A

motet

33
Q

the Catholic worship service
Long work that includes 5 main parts of service
Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus
- Agnus Dei

A

mass

34
Q

1440-1521 (contemporary of Columbus & da Vinci)
• – –
Wrote both sacred and secular music Worked with the Papal Choir in Rome Worked for King Louis XII of France
• – –
Leading composer of his time—famous while alive His work influenced other composers
Was highly praised by Martin Luther

A

Josquin Desprez

35
Q

Culmination of the Renaissance (1525-1594) Worked primarily in Rome

An Appreciation
Music director at St. Peter’s

Worked during and after Council of Trent
- -
Some advocated a return to monophonic music Finally decided on non-theatrical worship music
– -
Council of Trent (1545-1563) addressed: Abuses & malpractice within Church
- -
Emerging Protestantism Role of music in worship
• –
Wrote music meeting demands of Trent
His work became the model for mass composers

A

Palestrina

36
Q

Intended for amateur performers (after dinner music) Extensive use of text painting
–
Originated in Italy English madrigal lighter & simpler
-

Secular Music in the Renaissance
Printed in part-book or opposing-sheet format

A

Madrigal

37
Q

Still subordinate to vocal music Increasingly, instruments accompanied voices Sometimes played adapted vocal music alone
McGraw-
Published music stated that various parts of the music could be sung or played
Purely instrumental music existed almost exclusively for dancing
– Dancing became ever more popular during the Renaissance
• Distinction between loud outdoor instruments and softer indoor ones
• Composers did not specify instrumentation

A

Instrumental music

Humanities (8 decks)

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