Music Something idk

Question 1

Middle Ages Years

Answer 1

450-1450

Question 2

Middle Age Events

Answer 2

Rome sacked by Vandals—455
McGraw-
© 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Beowolf—c. 700
First Crusade—1066
Black Death—1347-52
Joan of Arc executed by English—1431

Question 3

Ren years

Answer 3

1450-1600

Question 4

Ren. events

Answer 4

Guttenberg Bible—1456
Columbus reaches America—1492 Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa—c. 1503 Michelangelo: David—1504
Raphael: School of Athens—1505 Martin Luther’s 95 Theses—1517
Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet—1596

Question 5

Middle Ages Things

Answer 5

Period of wars and mass migration
• –
Strong class distinctions

Question 6

castles, knights in armor, feasting

Answer 6

nobility

Question 7

lived in huts, serfs—part of land

Answer 7

peasantry

Question 8

ruled everyone, only monks literate

Answer 8

clergy

Question 9

Rebirth of human learning and creativity
• Time of great explorers • Humanism
• Fascination w/ ancient Greece & Rome

Answer 9

ren.

Question 10

Middle Ages Arch.

Answer 10

Early: Romanesque
–
Late: Gothic

Question 11

MA Visual Arts

Answer 11

Stressed iconic/symbolic, not realism

Question 12

Late Middle Ages saw technological

Answer 12

progress

Question 13

dominates musical activity in MA

Most musicians were priests
–
Women did not sing in mixed church settings

Answer 13

Church

Question 14

Music primarily in MA

Answer 14

vocal and sacred; no instruments in church

Question 15

Was official music of Roman Catholic Church No longer common since 2nd Vatican Council
Monophonic melody set to Latin text
Flexible rhythm without meter and beat
Named for Pope Gregory I (r. 590-604)
Originally no music notation system
Notation developed over several centuries (see p. 68)

Answer 15

Gregorian Chant

Question 16

•
“Otherworldly” sound—basis of Gregorian Chant
•
Different 1⁄2 and whole steps than modern scales
• –
Middle Ages and Renaissance use these scales Some Western Music uses these scale patterns

Answer 16

Church Modes

Question 17

Church Modes

Answer 17

What Do You Do With a Drunken Sailor?—Dorian mode When Johnny Comes Marching Home—Aeolian mode

Question 18

Originally written without accompaniment
This recording includes a drone—long, sustained notes
Note extended range of melody
Written for nuns by a nun (to be sung in convent)

Answer 18

O Successores (You Successors)
Hildegard of Bingen

Question 19

Troubadours (southern France) and Trouveres (northern France)
– -
Nobles wrote poems/songs for court use Performed by jongleurs (minstrels)
–
Topics: courtly love, Crusades, dancing

Answer 19

Secular Music in Middle Ages

Question 20

– -
Notated as chant: only a single melody line Performers probably improvised accompaniment
– -
Listening example—Brief Set, CD 1:51
This performance played on period instruments
-
Drone on psaltery (plucked or struck string instrument)

Triple Meter with strong beat (dancing)

MA Dance Music

Answer 20

Estampie

Question 21

Between 700-900 a___ ____added to chant Additional part initially improvised, not written Paralleled chant line at a different pitch

Answer 21

2nd line

Question 22

900-1200 added line grew more ______
–
–
Contrary motion, then later a separate melodic curve
–
c. 1100 note-against-note motion abandoned
- -
2 lines w/ individual rhythmic and melodic content
New part, in top voice, moved faster than the chant line

(Organum)

Answer 22

independent

Question 23

School of Notre Dame

Answer 23

Measured Rhythm

Question 24

_________ composers developed a rhythmic notation
Chant notation had only indicated pitch, not rhythm
Notre Dame’s choirmasters Leonin & Perotin were leaders

Writing with notated rhythm came to be called the Notre Dame style

Answer 24

Parisian

Question 25

Medieval thought was that interval of___ dissonant Modern chords built of ____ are now considered consonant

Answer 25

3rd

Question 26

• – Composers wrote music not based on chant Borrowed secular melodies to put in sacred music • New music notation system had developed • The new type of music was called ars nova

Answer 26

14th Century Music: “New Art” In France

Question 27

Mid- to late-14th Century composer (1300-1377) Also famous as a poet Though a priest, spent most of life working at court • • Wrote both sacred and secular music Best known for his Notre Dame Mass

Answer 27

Guillaume de Machaut

Question 28

Church choirs grew in size (all male) • – Rise of the individual patron Musical center shifted from Church to courts – – Court composers wrote secular & sacred music Women did not sing in mixed church settings

Answer 28

Music in the Renaissance

Question 29

Musicians: higher status & pay than before Composers became known for their work • – Many composers were _____Worked throughout Europe, especially in Italy • – ___- became music capital in 16th Century Other important centers: Germany, England & Spain

Answer 29

Franco-flemish Italy

Question 30

Vocal music more important than instrumental Word painting/text painting

Answer 30

yeah vocals were more imporant in the ren

Question 31

``` • Polyphonic • – Primarily vocal-a cappella Instruments, if present, doubled the vocal par ``` Rhythm “flows” and overlaps Composers less concerned with metrical accents Smooth, stepwise melodies predominate Melodies overlap rhythmically between voices

Answer 31

types of ren. music

Question 32

Short polyphonic choral work | Latin text usually overlaid with vernacular text Often borrows lowest voice part from a chant

Answer 32

motet

Question 33

the Catholic worship service Long work that includes 5 main parts of service Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus - Agnus Dei

Answer 33

mass

Question 34

1440-1521 (contemporary of Columbus & da Vinci) • – – Wrote both sacred and secular music Worked with the Papal Choir in Rome Worked for King Louis XII of France • – – Leading composer of his time—famous while alive His work influenced other composers Was highly praised by Martin Luther

Answer 34

Josquin Desprez

Question 35

Culmination of the Renaissance (1525-1594) Worked primarily in Rome An Appreciation Music director at St. Peter’s Worked during and after Council of Trent - - Some advocated a return to monophonic music Finally decided on non-theatrical worship music – - Council of Trent (1545-1563) addressed: Abuses & malpractice within Church - - Emerging Protestantism Role of music in worship • – Wrote music meeting demands of Trent His work became the model for mass composers

Answer 35

Palestrina

Question 36

Intended for amateur performers (after dinner music) Extensive use of text painting – Originated in Italy English madrigal lighter & simpler - Secular Music in the Renaissance Printed in part-book or opposing-sheet format

Answer 36

Madrigal

Question 37

Still subordinate to vocal music Increasingly, instruments accompanied voices Sometimes played adapted vocal music alone McGraw- Published music stated that various parts of the music could be sung or played Purely instrumental music existed almost exclusively for dancing – Dancing became ever more popular during the Renaissance • Distinction between loud outdoor instruments and softer indoor ones • Composers did not specify instrumentation

Answer 37

Instrumental music