Music Exam Analysis Flashcards
When was the middle ages era?
400-1400
When was Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix written
middle ages
Who wrote Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Hildegard von Bingen
What is the medium of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Male Voices- Transitions to single voice
What is the Metre/Rhythm and Tempo of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Non- Metric, slow tempo(metre is free, andante)
What is the harmony of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
no harmony
What is the melody of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Sung in a “cantabile” way, conjunct, modal, melismatic (multiple notes on a singular syllable)
What is the form of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
monophonic, ternary
What is the style of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Sacred Music, Middle Ages
What is the context of Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix
Lived in church, was very well renowned as one of the only female composers of the time
How is Alleluia, O Virga Mediatrix recognizable?
Male voices
Starts w/ Alleluia
Sacrifice to church
Unison
When was Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris written
middle ages
Who wrote Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
Perotin
What is the medium of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
male voices
What is the metre/rhythm/tempo of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
moderate, multimetric, a development
What is the harmony of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
Organum (beginning of polyphony with two melodic lines), with drone, diatonic, based off modes
What is the melody of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
Conjunct, narrow range (vertical), long continuous lines, melismatic
What is the form of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
Indistinct sections (A-B-C-D…)
What is the style of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
middle ages, sacred
What is the context of Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris?
Roman Catholic Church, St. Gregory, Middle Ages
How is Ecole de Notre Dame de Paris recognizable?
Only male voices, long “continued” lines and many more harmonies :-D
identifiable by harmony, counter melody w/ drone, but still written for the church w/ indistinct sections :)
Also starts with “Alleluia”, but it uses harmonies and different melodies at the start, as opposed to von Bingen’s piece which starts off with multiple voices on one melodic line.
When was the renaissance era?
1400-1600
When was Josquin Des Prez “Ave Maria” written?
renaissance era
Who wrote “Ave Maria”
Josquin Des Prez
What is the medium of Ave Maria
Accapella male and female voices
What is the metre/rhythm/tempo of Ave Maria?
slow tempo
What is the harmony of Ave Maria?
Polyphonic
What is the melody of Ave Maria?
Conjunct, Lyrical, Syllabic
What is the form of Ave Maria?
Motet (multi voice form) imitation
What is the style of Ave Maria?
Sacred motet (a type of song with Latin text for voices only.) Motets can be secular as well
What is the context of Ave Maria?
Sacred, Renaissance
What makes Ave Maria recognizable?
“SATB”,
In final cadence, he writes controversial lyrics
The imitation at the start of the piece inspires “fugues” in the later Baroque era
female voices and polyphony represent change in the era
Piece is a motet
Starts of with the song name - “Ave Maria”
When was the baroque era?
1600-1750
When was Little Fugue in G minor, BWV 578 by Johann Sebastian Bach written?
Baroque era
Who wrote Little Fugue in G minor, BWV 578?
Johann Sebastian Bach
What is the medium of Fugue in G minor, BWV 578?
solo organ
What is the Metre/Rhythm/Tempo of Little Fugue in G minor?
4/4 time, allegro tempo, complex rhythm, running 16th notes, simple metre
What is the harmony of Little Fugue in G minor?
mostly diatonic, minor, occasionally the bass holds a drone note, harmony created by the stacked melodies
What is the melody in Little Fugue in G minor
wide tessitura, comprised of short motifs, disjunct (notes with longer duration) with conjunct segments (running 16ths), long running lines, occasional countermelodies with 16th notes
What is the form of Little Fugue G minor?
Fugue, starts homophonic but becomes polyphonic
What is the style of Little Fugue in G minor?
secular
What is the context of Little Fugue in G minor?
Composed about 1709, one of Bach’s best known organ pieces. monody (solo with accompaniment is starting to be introduced)
How is Little Fugue in G minor recognizable?
Organ only, NO voices, 4 different parts (SATB) :)
Repeated melody throughout piece (main theme)
fugue
more sudden dynamics than classical era as well as having more structure in tempo (emphasis on beats than classical)
listen for harpsicord in all baroque pieces
When was the classical era?
1750-1820
Who wrote Beethoven
Symphony No. 5?
Ludwig von Beethoven
When was Beethoven Symphony No. 5 written?
classical era
What was the medium of Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
orchestra: strings (violins, viola, cello, double bass), timpani, french horn, flutes, clarinet, oboes, bassoon, trumpet, trombone
What was the metre/rhythm/tempo of Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
4/4 metre, allegro, simple meter
What was the harmony to Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
homophonic with sustained chord accompaniment with polyphonic parts
What was the melody to Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
Strings play main theme, almost entire piece is based on a recurring short melodic motive (short-short-short-long) and it changes in terms of length, medium and dynamic throughout, with a contrasting melody in the developmental section (counter melody in the development section)
What was the form for Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
sonata-allegro
What was the style of Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
secular
What was the context of Beethoven Symphony No. 5?
Beethoven was losing hearing at time, music is angry and very negative
How is Beethoven Symphony No. 5 recognizable?
Anger, Starts off with famous haunting theme, short-short-short- loooooonnnng,
Plays angry, then switches to a beautiful, calm music and switches back and forth often
What is different about the baroque music?
different approach to dynamics than baroque era and less emphasis on consistency of tempo as well as development section in popularity of sonata-allegro
What was the medium of Haydn - Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
string quartet (violin, violin 2, viola, cello)
When was Haydn - Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2 written?
classical era
Who wrote Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
Haydn
What is the metre/rhythm/tempo of Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
4/4 metre, dolce, slow tempo (largo), some syncopation in variations,
What is the harmony of Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2
G major, mostly diatonic, in moments of polyphony in many lines, but chords create harmony in homophonic sections
What is the melody of Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
homophonic opening becomes polyphonic, conjunct with disjunct moments
What is the form of Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
Theme (a-a-b-c-c) is played, followed by 4 variations of it, ending with a coda
What is the style of Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
secular
What is the context Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
composed in 1796 or 1797, became the German national anthem, even though it was dedicated to the Hungarian count Joseph George von Erdody
Who composed Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2?
Joseph Haydn
What makes Emperor Quartet Mvt. 2 recognizable?
small, slow quartet
more crescendos and decrescendos
than baroque (Baroque has sudden dynamics but not in classical)
simple string quartet
increased prominence of dynamics
When was the romantic era?
1820-1900
Who wrote Mazurka in B-flat Minor, Op.24, No.4?
Frederic Chopin
When was Mazurka in B-flat Minor, Op. 24, No. 4 written?
romantic era
What is the medium of Mazurka in B-flat Minor?
solo piano
What is the metre/rhythm/tempo of Mazurka in B-flat Minor?
¾ metre, varying tempo alternating from moderato to allegro, complex rhythm
What is the harmony of Mazurka in B-flat minor?
Minor, supports melody but changes to thirds and moves with the melody
What is the melody of Mazurka in B-flat minor?
Homophonic, disjunct, driven by emotion, lots of dotted 8th and 16ths
What is the form of Mazurka in B-flat minor?
repeats melody?
What is the style of Mazurka in B-flat minor?
Secular and romantic era
What is the context of Mazurka in B-flat minor?
published in 1836, when the composer was 26 years old.
How is Mazurka in B-flat minor recognizable?
No strict tempo in romantic era
- piano
- Extremely disjunct opening.
- harmony begins to get thicker in the romantic era
What are some words you can use to describe medium?
voices or instruments, solo, ensemble, orchestra
What are some words to describe metre?
duple meter , complex metre, polymetric
what are some words to describe rhythm?
prominence of running 16ths in harmonry, simple rhythm for main melody, flexible rhythm
what are some words to describe tempo?
allegro, rubato, adagio
what are some words to describe melody?
disjunct, wide tessitura, counter melody is…, diatonic, mode (middle ages or renaissance)
what are some words to describe harmony?
minor tonality, tertian chord structure, diatonic, harmony created by counter melody, polyphonic
what are some words to describe texture?
polyphonic, wide tessitura, responsorial style, organukm (2 lines with drone instead of chord), homophonic, polyphonic
what are some words to describe form
one movement, SATB, motet, fugue, imitation, melismatic (one syllable to many notes), syllablic (one syllable = one note), sonata-allegro
What are some words to describe style?
baroque, classical, sacred, secular