Middle Ages/ Renaissance Flashcards
What challenges did peasants in the Middle Ages face?
Disease, physical deformation, starvation, lived in filth and poverty, were uneducated
What advantages did the nobility have over peasants?
rich, owned land, had servants
Describe monophonic music
single, unaccompanied melody
Describe polyphonic music
combination of two or more melodies simultaneously
Describe neumes
square-shaped notes used in the music of the Middle Ages
describe modes
unique system of half and whole steps
Who were minstrels?
wandering performers of secular music
which instruments were used to accompany battles and ceremonies in the middle ages?
trumpets, shawm
Name at least two composers from the Middle Ages
Guillaume Machaut
What does “Renaissance” mean?
The french word for rebirth
what was the importance of the printing press to music
music could be mass produced and distributed throughout Europe, so music reached more people
Were vocal and instrumental music equally popular? If not, which was more popular?
instrumental music became more popular in the Renaissance
How did people decide which instruments to play with each piece?
The music director had to decide which instruments would be used for a piece, which usually depended upon what instruments were in the courts instrument collection
Describe chromaticism
the use of notes outside the prevailing key
describe a lute
wooden, plucked-stringed instrument, roughly similar to the modern guitar
describe a madrigal
popular poetic, secular musical form
describe a viol
stringed instrument played with a bow like the stringed instruments of today’s orchestras
Name at least two composers from the Renaissance Period
William Byrd, Giovanni Pierluigi
What was the most common style of music in the Romanesque Period of the Middle Ages?
Monophonic music such as Gregorian Chant
Which period of the Middle Ages included more complex music?
Gothic Period
T/F. Gregorian chant offered a way to incorporate instruments into music
false
How were music and art similar in the Romanesque Period?
both had simple, uncompleted characteristics
How were music and art similar in the Gothic Period?
creativity introduced more complexity into both art and music
Describe a buisine
old style trumpet
describe a liturgy
arrangment of a church service
describe a Gregorian chant
monophonic music typically with a repeated reciting tone
Name three Renaissance artists who were supported by wealthy aristocratic patrons
Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Bottecelli, Michelangelo Buonaroti
What kind of music made its debut during the Renaissance?
folk-type music
T/F. Monophony was prevalent in the Renaissance
False
For which occasions were trumpet ensembles used?
only by royalty, mostly pageantry events such as coronations
For which occasions were fife and drum used?
military music and funerals
describe humanism
interest in man and the world in which he lives
describe Protestant Reformation
greatly impacted the direction of music
what did the invention of the printing press do?
introduced literature to the masses
describe melody
primary structural focus of a compostition
describe 4 differences of neumatic notation and what we use tody
different symbols staff has 4 lines and 3 spaces no key or time signature no accidentals bar lines are not full (short) telephone things is tonal center lyrics, etc. in latin
