music chapter 2 hard Flashcards
Timbre
The tone quality or ‘color’ of a musical sound.
Pitch
A tone’s specific frequency level, measured in Hertz (Hz).
Rhythm
The lengths, or durations, of sounds as patterns in time.
Dynamics
The volume of a musical sound.
Aerophone
Instruments that require air to produce sound—namely, flutes, reeds, trumpets, and bellows-driven instruments.
Chordophone
Instruments with strings stretched between two points that produce sound when the strings vibrate.
Idiophone
Instruments that themselves vibrate to produce sound, such as rattles, bells, and various other kinds of percussion.
Membranophone
Instruments that produce sound through the vibration of a stretched membrane, such as drums.
Tuning System
The method by which frequencies are represented and organized in a musical tradition.
Scale
A set of pitches arranged in ascending or descending order.
Interval
The distance between two pitches.
Range
The span of pitches that a voice or instrument can produce.
Melody
A sequence of pitches that is perceived as a single, coherent entity.
Melodic Contour
The overall shape or outline of a melody.
Ornamentation
The addition of decorative notes or sounds to a melody.
Text Setting
The relationship between the text (lyrics) and the melody in vocal music.
Beat and Tempo
Beat refers to the basic unit of time in music, and tempo refers to the speed at which the beat occurs.
Accent and Meter
Accent refers to the emphasis placed on certain beats, while meter refers to the organization of beats into regular groups.
Rhythmic Density
The number of rhythmic events within a specific period.
Phonic Structure
The overall texture of a musical work, including how different voices or instruments interact.
Form
The overall structure or plan of a piece of music.
Musical Markers
Elements that indicate or signify specific cultural, geographical, or temporal associations.
Organology
The study of musical instruments.
Fret
A bar or ridge found on chordophones that enables performers to produce different melodic pitches with consistent frequency levels.
