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AcDec 2017-2018 > Music 33-36 > Flashcards

Music 33-36 Flashcards

1
Q

5 major regions in Africa

A

North, West, East, Central, and Southern

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2
Q

5 major climate zones

A

Sahara, Sahel, Woodland savanna, Forest, Temperate

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3
Q

4 major rivers

A

Nile, Congo, Niger, Zambezi

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4
Q

4 major language families

A 
Niger-Congo (largest, covering W,S,C)
Nilo-Saharan (Sahara, E)
Afro-Asiatic (N)
Khoisan (S desert)
(Austronesian (Madagascar))
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5
Q

Larger kingdoms and empires had…

A

more unified musical systems

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6
Q

newly independent nations built national identities using…

A

music

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7
Q

which empire became and largest and wealthiest

A

Mali (Mande), led by Sunjata

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8
Q

Which kingdom was est. at Kumasi in 1670s

A

Ansante, grew to cover most of Ghana

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9
Q

the Buganda kingdom…

A

had a renowned royal court music ensemble

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10
Q

Shona Zimbabwe invented…

A

Shona Mbria

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11
Q

transatlantic slave trade spread…

A

samba (brazil) ; rumba, son, mambo (cuba); reggae (jamaica); blues and jazz (USA)

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12
Q

major european powers

A 
France (N, W, Congo)
GB (Coastal W, E, S)
Belgium (Congo)
Portugal (guinea-Bissau, Angola, Mozambique)
Germany (Togo, Cameroon, Tanganyika)
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13
Q

Guinean President who formed nation ensembles that est. national identity

A

Sekou Toure

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14
Q

most well known african dance group

A

Les Ballets Africains

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15
Q

colonial legacy

A

Frankophone, anglophone, lusophone, hispanophone

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16
Q

traditional religions were based on…

A

communication with ancestors and deities often using music

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17
Q

shona uses

A

mbira ensemble at all night bira ceremony

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18
Q

vodun

A

religious belief system of Fon in Benin– transported to haiti

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19
Q

yoruba deities (orisha)

A 
olodumare (supreme creator)
eshu (trickster)
ogun (iron)
yemoja (mother of water)
shango (lightning)
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20
Q

islam

A

covered N, W, Sahel, Savanna, E coast

21
Q

arabic musical techniques

A

melismatic, monophonic, improvisation

22
Q

christianity

A

W savanna and coast, E, S

23
Q

protestant church music

A

spread by missionaries

24
Q

european musical aesthetics

A

tonal system and four part harmony

25
Q

christian choral singing group

A

ladysmith black mambazo

26
Q

Kwabena Nketia

A

brought african drumming and dance to american universities 1960s

27
Q

what type of music enjoys the largest body of research in africa

A

ghanaian music

28
Q

rhythm

A

flow of events in time; beats are subdivided by pulses, betas combine to form cycles

29
Q

many african music uses off beat phrasing
polyrhytm

inherent rhytms
tempo

A

two or more simultaneous rhytms
present in the sound, but not actually played by a single musician
relative speed of beats

30
Q

european tuning system

A

equal temperament (12 equal intervals to the octave) based on acoustic overtone series

31
Q

interval

A

sonic distance between any 2 pitches measured by steps or cents (100 cents in a half step)

32
Q

harmonic overtones

A

integer multiples of a fundamental frequency of a musical tone

33
Q

pythagorean tuning

A

stacking consecutive 5ths and telescoping them into the space of one octave; 23 cents

34
Q

maninka balafon (xylophone)

A

tuned w equidistant hepatonic scale

35
Q

scales primarily

A

pentatonic and hepatonic

36
Q

modes

A

turn scales into materials for making music

37
Q

monophony

A

a single melodic line

38
Q

polyphony

A

2 or more simultaneous melodic lines

39
Q

homophony

A

4 part harmony

40
Q

heterophony

A

2 or more ppl but some level of independence

41
Q

form

A

structure of a single cycle (# of beats in a cycle)

42
Q

hocket

A

interlocking parts, leader and chorus/ call and response

43
Q

organology

A

study of the physical features of musical instruments

44
Q

hornbostel-sachs (1914)

A

musical instrument classification system

45
Q

idiophones

A

xylophones, prevalent thru much of africa

other shakers, bells, scrapers, upside down calabash drums

46
Q

memnranophones

A

drums

47
Q

chordophones

A

lutes, harps, lyres, zithers

48
Q

aerophones

A

flutes, trumpets, horns (not as prevalent)

AcDec 2017-2018 (4 decks)

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