Musculoskeletal System Screening: Reflex Testing, Dermatome Testing, Resistive Testing Flashcards
Resistive Test: Cervical Rotation is at Innervation Level
C1
Resistive Test: Shoulder Elevation is at Innervation Level
C2- C4
Resistive Test: Shoulder Abduction is at Innervation Level
C5
Resistive Test: Elbow Flexion is at Innervation Level
C5- C6
Resistive Test: Wrist Extension is at Innervation Level
C6
Resistive Test: Elbow Extension is at Innervation Level
C7
Resistive Test: Wrist Flexion is at Innervation Level
C7
Resistive Test: Thumb Extension is at Innervation Level
C8
Resistive Test: Finger Abduction is at Innervation Level
T1
Reflex Test: Biceps is at Innervation Level
C5
Reflex Test: Brachioradialis is at Innervation Level
C6
Reflex Test: Triceps is at Innervation Level
C7
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: POSTERIOR HEAD is at the Innervation Level
C2
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Posterior- Lateral Neck is at the Innervation Level
C3
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Acromioclavicular Joint is at the Innervation Level
C4
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Lateral Arm is at the Innervation Level
C5
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Lateral forearm and thumb is at the Innervation Level
C6
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Palmar distal phalanx- middle fingeris at the Innervation Level
C7
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Little finger and Ulnar border of the hand is at the Innervation Level
C8
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Medial Forearm is at the Innervation Level
T1
Functional test for Heel Walking is the innervation level of:
L4- L5
Functional test for Toe Walking is the innervation level of:
S1
Functional test for Straight Leg Raise is the innervation level of:
L4- S1
Resistive test for Hip Flexion is the innervation level of:
L1- L2
Resistive test for Knee Extension is the innervation level of:
L3- L4
Resistive test for Ankle DF is the innervation level of:
L4-L5
Resistive test for Great Toe Extension is the innervation level of:
L5
Resistive test for Ankle PF is the innervation level of:
S1
Reflex test for Patella is the innervation level of:
L4
Reflex test for Achilles is the innervation level of:
S1
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Anterior thigh is at the Innervation Level
L2
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: middle Third of anterior thigh is at the Innervation Level
L3
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: Patella and medial malleolus is at the Innervation Level
L4
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: fibular head and dorsum of the foot is at the Innervation Level
L5
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: lateral and plantar aspect of foot is at the Innervation Level
S1
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: medial aspect of posterior thigh is at the Innervation Level
S2
Dermatome Testing- Area of Skin: perianal area is at the Innervation Level
S3-S5
Dermatome for Nerve Root L1
Back
over trochanter and groin
Dermatome for Nerve Root L2
Back
front of thigh to knee
Dermatome for Nerve Root L3
Back
upper buttock
anterior thigh and knee
medial lower leg
Dermatome for Nerve Root L4
Medial buttock
lateral thigh
medial leg
dorsum of foot
big toe
Dermatome for Nerve Root L5
Buttock
Posterior and lateral thigh
Lateral aspect of leg
Dorsum of foot
Medial half of sole
First, Second and third toes
Dermatome for Nerve Root S1
Lateral and plantar aspect of foot
Dermatome for Nerve Root S2
Buttock
Thigh
Posterior leg
Dermatome for Nerve Root S3
Groin
Posteromedial thigh to knee
Dermatome for Nerve Root S4
Perineum
Genitals
Lower sacrum
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root L1
None
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root L2
Psoas
Hip ADDuctors
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root L3
Psoas, Quadriceps
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root L4
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root L5
Extensor Hallucis
Peroneals
Gluteus Medius
DF
Hamstrings
PF
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root S1
Hamstrings
Gluteals
Peroneals
PF
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root S2
Same as S1 except Peroneals
Hamstring
Gluteals
PF
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root S3
None
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root S4
Bladder
Rerctum
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root L1
None
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root L2
None
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root L3
Knee jerk sluggish
Prone Knee Bending positive
Pain on full SLR
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root L4
SLR Limited
Neck Flexion pain
weak or absent knee jerk
Side flexion limited
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root L5
SLR limited one side
Neck flexion painful
Ankle decreased
Crossed- leg raising pain
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root S1
SLR limited
Achilles reflex weak or absent
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root S2
Same as S1
SLR limited
Achilles reflex weak or absent
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root S3
None
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root S4
None
Paresthesias for Nerve Root L1
Groin;
After holding posture which causes pain
Paresthesias for Nerve Root L2
Occasionally anterior thigh
Paresthesias for Nerve Root L3
Medial knee
Anterior lower leg
Paresthesias for Nerve Root L4
Medial aspect of calf and ankle
Paresthesias for Nerve Root L5
Lateral aspect of leg
Medial three toes
Paresthesias for Nerve Root S1
Lateral two toes
Lateral foot
Lateral leg to knee
Plantar aspect of foot
Paresthesias for Nerve Root S2
lateral leg, knee and heel
Paresthesias for Nerve Root S3
Non
Paresthesias for Nerve Root S4
Saddle area
Genitals
Anus
Impotence
Massive posterior herniation
Dermatome for Nerve Root C1
Vertex of skull
Dermatome for Nerve Root C2
Temple
Forehead
Occiput
Dermatome for Nerve Root C3
Entire neck
Posterior cheek
Temporal area
Prolongation forward under mandible
Dermatome for Nerve Root C4
Shoulder area
Clavicular area
Upper scapular area
Dermatome for Nerve Root C5
Deltoid area
Anterior aspect of entire arm to base of thumb
Dermatome for Nerve Root C6
Anterior arm
Radial side of hand to thumb and index finger
Dermatome for Nerve Root C7
Lateral arm
Forearm to index, long, and ring fingers
Dermatome for Nerve Root C8
Medial arm and forearm to long, ring, and little fingers
Dermatome for Nerve Root T1
Medial side of forearm to base of little finger
Dermatome for Nerve Root T2
Medial side of upper arm to medial elbow, pectoral and midscapular areas
Dermatome for Nerve Root T3- T12
T3- T6 upper thorax
T5- T7 costal margin
T8- T12 abdomen and lumbar region
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C1
None
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C2
longus colli
Sternocleidomastoid
Rectus capitis
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C3
trapezius
Splenius Capitis
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C4
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C5
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Deltoid
Biceps
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C6
Biceps
Supinator
Wrist Extensors
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C7
Triceps
Wrist flexors
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root C8
Ulnar deviators
Thumb extensors
Finger flexors
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root T1- T2
Disk lesions at upper thoracic levels do not appear to give rise to root weakness.
Weakness of intrinsic muscles of the hand is due to other pathology;
Thoracic outlet pressure
Neoplasm of lung
Ulnar nerve lesion
Muscle Weakness (Myotome) for Nerve Root T3- T12
Articular and dura signs and root pain are common
Root signs (cutaneous analgesia) are rare and have such indefinite area that they have little localizing value.
Weakness is not detectable.
Which upper nerve roots does NOT have reflexes affected?
C1- C4
C8- T12
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root C5
Biceps
Brachioradialis
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root C6
Biceps
Brachioradialis
Reflexes Affected for Nerve Root C7
Triceps
Paresthesias to the area of the cheek and side of the neck affects which nerve root?
C3
Paresthesias to horizontal band along the clavicle and upper scapula affects which nerve root?
C4
Nerve Root C5 Paresthesias is:
NONE
Paresthesias to the thumb and index finger affects to the nerve root:
C6
Paresthesias to the index, long, and ring finger affects which nerve root?
C7
Paresthesias to the little inner alone or with two adjacent fingers; not ring or long fingers, alone or together affects which nerve root?
C8