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Hospital Corpsman > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Movement of the limb away from the midline of the body.

A

Abduction

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2
Q

Movement of the limb toward the midline of the body.

A

Adduction

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3
Q

Fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other.

A

Angulated fracture

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4
Q

Where two bones meet

A

Articulation

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5
Q

Decrease in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue

A

Atrophy

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6
Q

A small sac serous sac between a tendon and a bone

A

Bursa

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7
Q

Inflammation of the connective tissue structure surrounding a joint.

A

Bursitis

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8
Q

Tough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps form certain body parts, such as the ear.

A

Cartilage

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9
Q

An injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin.

A

Closed extremity injury

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10
Q

A fracture in which the bone is broken in several places

A

Comminuted fracture

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11
Q

Injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast.

A

Compartment syndrome

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12
Q

A grating or cracking sound or sensation

A

Crepitus

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13
Q

The disrupting or “coming apart” of a body part (joint) from its normal position.

A

Dislocation

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14
Q

The abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissue (also known as swelling).

A

Edema

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15
Q

The escape of fluid, such as from blood vessels as a result of rupture or seepage. (Contained within body)

A

Effusion

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16
Q

Redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes.

A

Erythema

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17
Q

Any break in the bone or tooth.

A

Fracture

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18
Q

A fracture of the bone, occurring typically in children in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent.

A

Greenstick fracture

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19
Q

A manner of walking or moving on foot (natural walking/without limp).

A

Gait

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20
Q

Method by which damage (trauma) to skin, muscles, organs and bones happens.

A

MOI

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21
Q

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention or correction of disorders in the musculoskeletal system.

A

Orthopedics

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22
Q

Loss of muscle function through injury, disease, or damage to its nerve supply.

A

Paralysis

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23
Q

What is paralysis mostly caused by?

A

Stroke or spinal cord injury.

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24
Q

Tough connective sheath that covers the bone.

A

Periosteum

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25
Q

Extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle.

A

Range of Motion (ROM)

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26
Q

The stretching or tearing of ligaments that caused pain and disability.

A

Sprain

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27
Q

Muscle or tendon injury resulting from violent contraction or excessive force.

A

Strain

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28
Q

Inflammation of a tendon usually from a strain.

A

Tendonitis

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29
Q

What are the three types of muscles?

A
  • Voluntary
  • Involuntary
  • Cardiac
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30
Q

Known as skeletal muscle, is under conscious control of the brain via the nervous system.

A

Voluntary Muscles

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31
Q

What do Voluntary muscles form?

A

The major muscle mass of the body.

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32
Q

Known as smooth muscle, is found in the gastrointestinal system, lungs, blood vessels, and urinary system.

A

Involuntary muscles.

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33
Q

A specialized form of involuntary muscle, is found only in the heart.

A

Cardiac muscles

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34
Q

The bony structure that forms the head. It supports the structures of the face and provides a protective cavity fortification for the brain.

A

Skull

35
Q

The top portion of the skull that protects the brain.

A

Cranium

36
Q

Along with the Cranium, what other bones protect the brain?

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
37
Q

The bones of the anterior (backside) cranium connect to facial bones are?

A

Mandible
Maxillae
Nasal bones

38
Q

How many small bones does the wrist consist of?

A

Eight bones

39
Q

What are the eight bones in the wrist called?

A

Carpals

40
Q

How many bones is the hand made of?

A

Five bones

41
Q

What are the bones which the hand is made of called?

A

Metacarpals

42
Q

How many bones do the fingers consist of?

A

Fourteen bones

43
Q

What are bones that the fingers consist of called?

A

Phalanges

44
Q

The joint of the arm that connects the upper and lower bones.

A

Elbow

45
Q

The bone between the shoulder and the elbow. (Upper Arm)

A

Humerus

46
Q

What are the two bones between the elbow and the hand.

A

Radius and Ulna

47
Q

Extends from the lateral side of the forearm from the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna.

A

Radius

48
Q

Extends from the medial side of the forearm from the elbow to the smallest finger and runs parallel to the radius.

A

Ulna

49
Q

What bone in the forearm is the largest and longest?

A

Ulna

50
Q

The joint where the humerus fits into the scapula, like a ball and socket. It is one of the largest and most complex joints of the body.

A

Shoulder.

51
Q

Known as the collarbone, is located anteriorly

A

Clavicle

52
Q

Known as the shoulder blade is located posteriorly

A

Scapula

53
Q

What is the highest portion of the shoulder?

A

Acromion Process

54
Q

How many vertebrae are there?

A

Thirty-three

55
Q

Contains bones that are fused together

A

The pelvis

56
Q

The superior bone that contains the iliac crest

A

Ilium

57
Q

The inferior, posterior portion of the pelvis.

A

Ischium

58
Q

The joint where the femur (thigh bone) and pelvis join

A

The hips

59
Q

What do the hips consist of?

A

The acetabulum

And the ball at the proximal end of the femur

60
Q

Commonly referred to as the thigh bone.

A

The femur

61
Q

What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?

A

The femur

62
Q

Commonly referred to as the kneecap. It is a small, freestanding bone that rests between the femur and the tibia.

A

The patella

63
Q

Also known as the shin bone, is the medial and larger bone of the lower leg.

A

Tibia

64
Q

What is the most common lower leg injury incurred in the tibia?

A

Shin splints

65
Q

The lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg.

A

Fibula

66
Q

What is the most common site of stress fractures?

A

Metatarsals

67
Q

The heel bone is called what?

A

Calcaneus

68
Q

A group of five long bones in the foot that connect the ankle to the toes. They help with balance when standing or walking.

A

Metatarsals

69
Q

Bones of the toes.

A

Phalanges

70
Q

What are the five main functions of the musculoskeletal system?

A 
Provide support. 
Protect internal organs. 
Provides leverage and movement. 
Produce blood cells. 
Store minerals and lipids.
71
Q

What percentage of calcium is found in the skeleton?

A

99% Of the body’s calcium

72
Q

Found inside organs such as the stomach, intestines and blood vessels. The weakest of all muscle tissues.

A

Visceral

73
Q

The only voluntary muscle tissue in the body, it is controlled consciously.

A

Skeletal

74
Q

What is an instrument used for measurement of angles as it applies to musculoskeletal system?

A

Goniometer

75
Q

Passive range of motion often exceeds active range of motion by how many degrees?

A

5 degrees

76
Q

Falls from what height and down how many stairs are treated for high risk spinal injury?

A

Falls greater than 1 meter
And
Falls down more than 5 stairs

77
Q

The wrist MOI is commonly referred to as FOOSH which stands for?

A

Fallen on Outstretched Hand

78
Q

What percentage of ankle sprains involve lateral ligaments?

A

85-90%

79
Q

What does RICE stand for?

A

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

80
Q

Duration of acute lower back pain?

A

Less than 6 weeks

81
Q

The duration of subacute lower back pain is?

A

Greater than 6 weeks but less than 3 months

82
Q

The duration of chronic lower back pain is what?

A

More than 3 months

83
Q

What’s are the 8 P’s for a focused assessment of an extremity?

A

Pain, pallor, pulses, paresthesia, paralysis, puffiness, position, and pressure.

Hospital Corpsman (2 decks)

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