Dermatology Flashcards
An excoriation, or circumscribed removals of the superficial skin layers.
Abrasions
A disorder of the skin caused by inflammation of the skin glands found chiefly in adolescents and marked by applies especially on the face.
Acne
Absence or loss of hair
Alopecia
A cutaneous reaction to an external substance
Contact dermatitis
A tearing away or forcible separation
Avulsion
A large vesicle or blister greater than one centimeter
Bulla
General term frequently used to indicate any of various types of malignant neoplasms, most of which invade surrounding tissues, may metastasize to several sites, and are likely to recur after attempted removal and to kill the patient unless adequately treated; especially, any such carcinoma or sarcoma, but, not n ordinary usage, especially the former.
Cancer
Deep-seated pyogenic infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, usually arising in several contiguous hair follicles, with formation of connecting sinuses.
Carbuncle
Inflammation of subcutaneous, loose connective tissue (formerly called cellular tissue)
Cellulitis
Any mechanical injury (usually caused by a blow) resulting in hemorrhage beneath unbroken skin.
Contusion
Dried serum, blood, or purple tissue exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw colored.
Crust
The branch of medicine concerned with the study of the skin, diseases of the skin, and the relationship of cutaneous lesions to systemic disease.
Dermatology
The escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels, often red to purple in appearance and variable in size.
Ecchymosis
Loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla
Erosion
Redness or inflammation of skin or mucus membrane
Erythema
Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry. (Athletes foot)
Fissure
Any substance or material in a form that poses an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported in commerce or kept in storage at a warehouse, port, depot, or railroad facility.
Hazardous material
A protein that is the main component of the skin; the main substance of the hair, skin and nails.
Karatin
Irregularly shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond boundaries, caused excessive collagen formation during healing.
Keloid
Cuts, open wounds that sometimes cause significant blood loss
Laceration
Any of several skin diseases characterized by the eruption of flat papules.
Lichen
The process by which the skin becomes hardened and leathery usually as a result of chronic irritation
Lichenification
A patch of skin that is altered in color but usually not elevated and is characteristic feature of various diseases (smallpox).
Macule
A small mass of rounded or irregular shape such as a small abnormal knobby body protuberance.
Nodule
A small solid usually comical elevation of skin
Papule
A minute reddish or purplish mass containing blood that appears in the skin or mucus membrane as a result of a localized hemorrhage.
Petechia
Elevated, firm, and rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 CM in diameter
Plaque
Itching
Pruritus
To make a hole with a small pointed object, such as a needle
Puncture
Elevated, superficial lesion; similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid.
Pustule
Skin eruption
Rash
A clear, watery fluid, especially that moistening the surface of serous membranes, or exuded in inflammation of any of those membranes.
Serum
A pathologic change in the tissues
Skin lesion
Elasticity of skin
Turgor
A break in skin or mucus membrane with loss of surface tissue, disintegration and necrosis of epithelial tissue and/or pus
Ulcer
Reddened elevated patches of skin that are often itchy. (Hives)
Urticaria
A small abnormal elevation of the outer layer of the skin enclosing a watery liquid. (Blister)
Vesicle
Mass produced by uncontrolled growth of epithelial skin cells
Warts
Elevated irregular shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter.
Wheal
How many layers of the epidermis are there?
5 layers
Composed of dead skin cells that you shed into the environment. This layer helps to repel water.
(Horny layer)
Stratum Corneum
Found only in the palms of the hands, fingertips and soles of the feet.
Stratum Lucidum
Produces karatin
Stratum Granulosum
Gives skin its strength and flexibility
Stratum Spinosum
The skin’s most important cells (keratinocytes) are former before moving up to the surface of the epidermis and shed into the environment as dead skin cells
Stratum Basale
What percentage of sweat is water mixed with some salts and metabolic waste products?
99% water
How thick is the dermis?
4MM thick
What is the subcutaneous tissue also called?
Hypodermis
What three ways can burns be classified and evaluated?
By agent and source
By depth
By severity
Besides injury to skin, muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels and the respiratory system, what else can burns cause problems for?
Emotional and psychological problems
Should the patient assessment be neglected to begin immediate care?
No the patient assessment should not be neglected
When should you report the source of a burn agent?
When practical (mostly for chemical burns).
Involves only the epidermis.
Sun burn
First-Degree burn
Epidermis is burned through, and the dermis is damaged.
Partial thickness burn
Second-Degree burn
All the layers of the skin are damaged and possibly underlying tissues like muscles or organs.
Requires skin grafting.
(Full thickness burn)
Third-Degree burn
Full thickness of less than 2 percent of the body surface is considered what?
Minor burns
Superficial burns of 50 percent of body surface or less are considered what?
A minor burn
Partial thickness burns of less than 15 percent of the body surface is considered what?
Minor burns
Full thickness burns 2 to 10 percent of the body surface is considered what?
Moderate burns
