Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
What is Osteopaenia?
A
loss of bone mass (remaining bone is adequately mineralised)
2
Q
Describe the repair process of Bone
A
- 24-48hrs - Haematoma Formation
- Growth factors produced from marcophages and platelets stimulate granulatoin tissue formation (hours t odays)
- Mesenchymal Cells differentiate into osteoblasts (days)
- Early Callus formation initially contains cartilage. The Cartilage functions to anchoring and create a more stable environment for the production of woven bone (Days)
- Primary Callus of Woven Bone (weeks)
- Modelling of woven bone into lamellar bone into a sectondary callus (weeks to months to years)
3
Q
What is the name of Necrotic bone?
A
Sequestrum
4
Q
- What is Osteomalacia?
- What is Rickets?
A
- Osteomalacia = Bone Softening
- Rickets = Bone and Growth Cartliage softening
- Causes
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Phosphorous Deficiency
- Calcium Deficiency (Birds only)
- Fluoride Toxicity (Rare)
5
Q
What is the names of tumors of
- Osteoblasts
- Chondrocytes
- Fibrous Tissue
- Adipose Tissue
- Vascular Tissue
A
- Osteoma “Osteosarcoma”
- Chondroma, “Chondrosarcoma”
- Fibroma “Fibrosarcoma”
- Lipoma “Liposarcoma”
- Hemangiosarcoma
6
Q
Name some Round Cell Neoplasims
Metastatic Neoplasia
A
- Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma (plasma cell tumor)
- Carcinomas (urothelial carcinoma, prostatic carcinoma
7
Q
If a cat has swollen digits what should you always to?
A
Include a thoracic radiograph as Feline Lung Digit Syndrome - Due to metastatic Pulmonary Carcinoma.
8
Q
What does an increase in Creatine Kinase (CK) indicate
A
Acute Muscle Injury
Activity increases quickly 5-12hours and returns to normal withing 24-28hours
9
Q
What does AST tell you?
What is its halflife?
A
- Liver of muscle injury
- 22-30hours in Dogs, 77minutes in Cats
10
Q
What does Cardiac Troponin 1 indicate for
A
Cardiac Muscke damage
