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Combat Medic > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of skeletal system (5)

A 
Support 
Leverage
Protection
Storage of calcium 
Blood cell production
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2
Q

Types of bones (5)

A 
Long eg humerus 
Short eg carpals
Flat eg sternum 
Irregular eg vertebra
Sesamoid eg patella
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3
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Head spine and ribcage

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4
Q

Bones of the skull

A 
Frontal
Parietal 
Occipital
Temporal
Zygomatic 
Mandible
Maxilla
Nasal
Lacrimal 
Sphenoid (temple)
Ethmoid (inside eye)
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5
Q

Types of skull fractures

A

Depressed
Linear
Comminuted (happens if linear fracture is near suture)
Basilar (serious)

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6
Q

Bones in the spine

A 
7 cervical 
12 thoracic 
5 lumbar 
Sacrum 
Coccyx
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7
Q

Spine curvature

A

Kyphosis (outwards)

Lordosis (inwards)

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8
Q

Rib cage

A

7 true ribs
3 false ribs
2 floating

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9
Q

Sternum

A

Jugular notch, two clavicular notches
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

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10
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Limbs

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11
Q

Shoulder girdle

A

Clavicle, scapula, acromium process

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12
Q

Hand

A 
Trapezium 
Trapezoid 
Capitate 
Hamate 
Scaphoid 
Lunate 
Triquadrium 
Pisiform
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13
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Ilium
Pubis
Ischium

Pubic symphysis (cartilage)

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14
Q

Foot

A

Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Talus (ankle)
Heel (calcaneus)

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15
Q

Types of joints

A 
Plane eg vertebrae 
Ball socket eg shoulder
Saddle eg fingers
Hinge eg knee
Pivot eg elbow
Ellipsoid eg base of cranium
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16
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Front: subscapularis
Back: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

17
Q

Properties of muscle tissue

A

Contractility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity

18
Q

Types of muscle

A

Cardiac, skeletal (voluntary), smooth

19
Q

Muscles in the head (2)

A

Sternocleidomastoid

Masseter

20
Q

Muscles in the spine (2)

A 
Erector spinae (superficial) 
Multifidus, in the lower back
21
Q

Muscles in the front of the leg

A

Quadriceps: vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus medialis

Sartorius (from lateral hip to medial knee)

Iliacus and psoas connecting hip to femur

22
Q

Back thigh

A 
Gluteus mediums (top right)
Gluteus maximus 
Piriformis (left to right inside) 
Quadratus femoris (deep inside) 
Hamstring: semimembranosus, semitendinosus , biceps femoris
23
Q

Lower leg

A

Soleus (medial to the tibialis)
Tibialis anterior (big in front)
Gastronemius x2

24
Q

Sprain vs strain

A

Sprain (ligaments and tendons)
Strain (muscle).

Sprains come in three grades

25
Q

Treatment

A

Rest, ice, compression, elevation

AVOID Heat Alcohol Running Massage

26
Q

Types of fractures

A

Simple (eg left to right)
Greenstick (vertical)
Comminuted (shattered)
Impacted (vertically shattered at a point)

Combat Medic (8 decks)

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