Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Analgesic

Answer 1

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Question 2

Anti-Inflammatory

Answer 2

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Question 3

Arthritis

Answer 3

-Inflammation of a joint
Causes:
-RA: occurs in younger people; cause unknown
-OA: Occurs in older people; also known as degenerative arthritis
Symptoms:
-pain and swelling in joints, decreased mobility
Treatment:
-medication, exercise, heat to joints, surgery

Question 4

Fracture

Answer 4

-Broken bone
Cause:
-accidental injury or disease conditions such as cancer or osteoporosis
Symptoms:
-pain, swelling, discoloration, abnormal position or movement
Treatment:
-casting or surgery

Question 5

Gout

Answer 5

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Question 6

Muscle Relaxation

Answer 6

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Question 7

Muscle Spasm

Answer 7

-Sudden and violent tightening of the muscle
Cause:
-irritation of muscle
Symptoms:
-sudden pain and knotting of muscles
Treatment:
-massage, heat, medication

Question 8

Muscle Sprain

Answer 8

-A wrenching of a joint with partial rupture of its ligaments
-More severe than a strain and requires longer recuperation
Cause:
-increased uric acid levels, usually caused by diet
Symptoms:
-pain, swelling in joints, can be acute or chronic
Treatment:
-medication, diet

Question 9

Muscle Strain

Answer 9

-Condition in which the muscle is stretched
Cause:
-injury
Symptoms:
-pain, swelling
Treatment:
-rest, medication, elevation

Question 10

Osteoporosis

Answer 10

-A condition characterized by loss of bone density causing bones to become more brittle and easily fracture
Cause:
-inadequate calcium absorption
Symptoms:
-bones are brittle and are easily broken, sometimes with less than normal amount of stress on bones
Treatment:
-medication, treatment of fractures if necessary

Question 11

Range of Motion (ROM

Answer 11

Moving a joint its full range in an attempt to prevent muscle contractors and joint deformity

Active- resident performs
Passive- caregiver performs

Question 12

Cardiac muscles

Answer 12

• found only in the heart
• power the action that pump blood throughout the body
• involuntary

Question 13

Smooth muscles

Answer 13

• surround or are part of the internal organs

- involuntary

Question 14

Skeletal muscle

Answer 14

• body’s most abundant tissues comprising 23% of a woman’s body weight and 40% of a man’s body weight
• voluntary
• Work together with bones during movement

Question 15

Bones

Answer 15

• Living tissue
• Calcium in spaces between cells make them hard
• Framework for muscles
• Produce blood cells and store calcium and fat

Question 16

Cartilage

Answer 16

Soft tissue covering parts of bones

Question 17

Bone marrow

Answer 17

Soft, center part of bone; red blood cells are manufactured here

Question 18

Effects of the aging process on musculoskeletal system

Answer 18

• Increased adipose tissue
• Diminished lean body mass and bone mineral contents; bone becomes more porous and break more easily
• Decreased height from exaggerated spinal curvature and narrowing intervertebral spaces
• Decreased collagen formation and muscle mass