Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
Common/Concerning MSK Symptoms
(6)
A
- Low back pn
- Neck pn
- Monoarticular or polyarticular joint pn
- Inflamatory/infectious joint pn
- Joint pn + systemic constitutional symptoms
- Fever
- Chills
- Rash
- Anorexia
- Weight loss
- Weakness
- Joint pn + organ symptoms
2
Q
MSK Assessment Tips
(3)
A
- Have pt point to pn, perferably c 1 finger
- MOI, especially if traumatic
- Determine pn characteristics
- Localized vs diffuse
- Acute vs chronic
- Inflammatory vs noninflammatory
3
Q
General MSK Eval Procedure
(4 categories, 3/4/4/5 specifics)
A
- Visually inspect
- Symmetry
- Aligment
- Gross defomrities
- Inspect +palpate
- Skin changes
- Nodules
- Muscle atrophy
- Crepitus
- Assess for degenerative or inflammatory changes
- Swelling
- Warmth
- Tenderness
- Redness
- Evaluate ROM c joint specific maneuvers to determine
- Functionality
- Stability
- Ligament integrity
- Tendeon integrity
- Bursae integrity
4
Q
Should Examination
(3 steps)
A
- Inspect for swelling, deformity, atrophy, or abnml positioning
- **Palpate **over bony landmarks for tenderness
- Check Range of motion - flexion, extension, abdocution, adduction, internal/external rotation
5
Q
Elbow Examination
(3 steps)
A
- Inspect for swelling/masses
- Palpate olecrenon process, medial/lateral epicondyles, and extensor surface of forearm
- Check ROM - flextion, extension, supination, pronation
6
Q
Wrist Examination
(3 steps)
A
- Inspect palmar and dorsal surfaces for swelling/defomrities
- Palpate distal radius and ulna on the lateral and medial surface. Palp the groove of each wrist joint c thumbs
- Check ROM - extension, flexion, ulnar/radial deviation, supination, and pronation
7
Q
Finger/Hand Examination
(3 steps)
A
- Inspect for swelling, deformities, and redness
- Palpate all MCP joints + medial/lateral aspects of PIP and DIP
- Check ROM - flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, thumb opposition
8
Q
Spine Inspection
(2 steps)
A
From the side, inspect curves
- Cercial
- Lumbar
- Thoracic
From behind
- Upright spinal column
- Alignment - shoulders, iliac crests, gluteal folds
- Skin - markings, tags, masses
9
Q
Spinal Palpation
A
*Pt may stand or sit to palpate teh following - *
- Spinous processes
- Paravertebral muscles
- Sacroilliac joint
10
Q
Spinal ROM Eval
(2 categories, 2/2)
A
Neck
- Flextion/extension: chin to chest, look up at celing
- Rotation and lat bending: look over one shoulder then the other, bring ear to shoulder
Spine (support pt during exam if necessary)
- Flexion/extension: bend forward and try to touch toes, bend backwards
- Rotation and lat bending: rotate trunk from side to side
11
Q
Hip Palpation
A
- Anterior aspect -
- Iliac crest
- ASIS
- Greater trochanter
- Pubic sympthysis
- Poserior Aspect
- PSIS
- Greater trochanter
- Ischial tuberosity
- SA joint
- Inguinal Ligament
12
Q
Hip ROM
(4 aspects)
A
- Flexion - bend knee and pull against abdomen
- Extension - leg extends posteriorly c pt carefully positioned near table edge
- Abduction/Adduction - reach across and grasp opposite hip; grasp ankle and move leg laterally, then medially, toward opposite hip
- External/Internal Rotation - flex hip and knee to 90 degrees, grasp ankle, rotate flexed lower leg medially then laterally
13
Q
Knee Examination
(3 aspects)
A
- Inspect contours/aligment of kenes for swelling, atrophy of quadriceps muscle
-
Palpate c knee flexed, note any tenderness
- Along joint line, lincluding menisci and bursae
- Along the medial and lateral collateral ligaments (MCL/LCL)
- Over the patellar tendon
- Assess ROM while sitting - flexion and extension
14
Q
Ankle/Foot Examination
A
- Inspect surfaces of ankles/feet for deformities, nodules, swellings, calluses, corns
- **Palpate **these structures
- Anterior ankle
- Achilles tendon
- Heel
- Medial and lateral malleolus
- Heads of the 5 metatarsals (compress b/w thumbs and index finger)
-
ROM
- Ankle flexion (plantar flexion) - point foot towards floor
- Ankle extension (dorsiflexion) - point foot towards ceiling
- Inversion - bend heel inward
- Eversion - bend heel outward
