Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
Orthopedics (Orthopaedics)
A
branch of medicine concerned with problems of the bones, joints and muscles
2
Q
Rheumatologist
A
Orthopedist specializing in bone, joint and rheumatoid arthritis
3
Q
Chiropractor
A
Healthcare provide specializing in disorders of the spine
4
Q
4 Muscle Functions
A
Provide Movement
Stabilize position
Storing Substances
Generating heat
5
Q
How Muscles are named
A
location
type of movement provided
size or shape
number of its components
6
Q
Articulation
A
where bones connect (joints)
7
Q
fasci/o
A
fibrous band supporting or separating muscles
8
Q
fascioplasty
A
surgical repair of fascia
9
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
10
Q
fibroma
A
tumor of fibrous tissue
11
Q
leiomy/o
A
smooth muscle
12
Q
leiomyoma
A
tumor of smooth muscle
13
Q
lumb/o
A
lower back
14
Q
lumbar
A
pertaining to the low back
15
Q
lumbocostal
A
pertaining to the ribs of the low back
16
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
17
Q
my/o
A
muscle
18
Q
muscular
A
pertaining to muscle
19
Q
myorrhexis
A
rupture of a muscle
20
Q
ten/o
A
tendon
21
Q
tenotomy
A
incision of a tendon
22
Q
tendo/
A
tendon
23
Q
tendin/o
A
tendon
24
Q
tendoplasty
A
surgical repair of a tendon
25
tendinitis
inflammation of a tendon
26
algia
pain
27
dynia
pain
28
myalgia
muscle pain
29
lumbodynia
low back pain
30
-asthenia
weakness
31
myasthenia
muscle weakness
32
-pathy
disease
33
myopathy
disease of the muscle
34
-plegia
paralysis
35
hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body
36
hemi-
one half
37
rrhaphy
suture (stitches)
38
myorrhaphy
suture to a muscle
39
-sarcoma
malignant tumor
40
myosarcoma
tumor of a muscle
41
chondritis
inflammation of cartilage
42
chondr/o
cartilage
43
tendolysis
destruction, separation or loosening of a tendon
44
cost/o
ribs
45
voluntary muscle that responds to stimuli and moves bones
Skeletal muscle
46
involuntary muscle not consciously controlled found in the heart
Cardiac Muscle
47
involuntary muscle that moves organs unconsciously. propels food thru digestive system
Smooth Muscle
48
-genesis
formation of
49
scler/o
hardening
50
sclerosis
abnormal hardening
51
myosclerosis
abnormal hardening of a muscle
52
pector/o
chest
53
tendotome
instructment used to cut a tendon
54
tenotomy
incision of a tendon
55
quadri-
four
56
tri-
three
57
bi-
two
58
flexion
decrease the joint angle
59
extension
increase the joint angle
60
adduction
moves toward the midline
61
abduction
moves away from the midline
62
pronation
turns palm down
63
rotation
moves around an axis
64
supination
palms up
65
eversion
move foot out
66
inversion
move foot in
67
plantar flexion
point foot down
68
dorsiflexion
point foot up
69
cyst/o
bladder
70
enter/o
intestine
71
hepat/o
liver
72
-cyte
cell
73
Maxilla
upper jaw bone
74
mandible
low jaw bone
75
clavicle
collar bone
76
humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
77
stern/o
sternum (breast bone)
78
scapula
shoulder blade
79
radius
forearm bone on thumb side
80
ulna
forearm bone
81
carp/o
carpals (wrist bones)
82
metacarp/o
metacarpals (hand bones)
83
phalang/o
phalanges (fingers and toes bones)
84
illum
Upper pelvis
85
sacrum
tailbone
86
coccyx
tip of the tailbone
87
Pubis
Lower pelvis
88
Femor/0
femur (Thigh bone)
89
Patell/o
Patella (kneecap)
90
Tibi/o
tibia (Lower leg bone, weight bearing)
91
Fibul/o
Fibula (Lateral Lower leg)
92
Tarsals
Ankle bones
93
Metatarsals
foot bones
94
cervic/o
neck; cervix
95
crani/o
skull
96
spondyl/o
vertebra (Backbone)
97
vertebr/o
vertebra
98
calcane/o
calcaneus (heel bone)
99
spondylitis
inflammation of any vertebra
100
vertebral
pertaining to any vertebrae
101
pelv/i
pelvis (noun)
102
pelv/o
pertaining to the pelvis
103
radiograph
instrument for recording
104
ankl/o
stiffness
105
ankylosis
immobility of a joint
106
arth/o
joint
107
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
108
lamin/o
lamina of the vertebra
109
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
110
myelocele
herniation of the spinal cord
111
orth/o
straight
112
oste/o
bone
113
-clast
to break
114
osteoclast
instrument or cell that breaks down bone
115
-malcia
softening
116
osteomalacia
softening of the bone
117
-physis
growth
118
diaphysis
middle part of a long bone (shaft)
119
epiphysis
end of a long bone
120
-porosis
porous
121
subcostal
underneath the rib
122
4 types of bones
long
short
flat
irregular
123
periosteum
thin lining around bones that provides nutrient, most sensitive tissue in the body
124
-blast
embryonic cells
125
leuk/o
white
126
leukocytes
white blood cells WBC
127
erythr/o
red
128
erythrocyte
red blood cell RBC
129
dist/o
farthest from
130
proxim/o
closest to
131
rickets
decrease in bone strength during development due to lack of nutritional calcium
132
osteoporosis
decrease in bone density due to age and lack of calcium and vitamin D
133
calc/o
calcium
134
-emia
in the blood
135
gram
record
136
synarthroses
totally immovable joint
137
diarthroses
freely moveable joints
138
amphiarthroses
slightly moveable joints
139
THR
Total Hip Replacement
140
TKR
Total Knee Replacement
141
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the bones and joints
142
cephal/o
head
143
cephalodynia
headache
144
encephal/o
within the head
145
Fracture (fx)
Bone Break
146
Closed fx
Fracture the does not break the skin
147
open fx (compound)
fracture that breaks the skin
148
greenstick fx
partially broken bone
149
impacted fx
broken end of the bone are wedged into each other
150
transverse fx
fracture across the whole width of the bone
151
spiral fx
results from torsion (twisting) force, fx spirals along the axial of the shaft of the bone
152
oblique fx
fracture is at diagonal
153
longitudinal
fracture breaks parallel to the long axis of the bone
154
C1-C7
Cervical Vertebrates
155
T1-T12
Thoracic Vertebrates
156
L1-L5
Lumbar Vertebrates
157
AIDS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
158
AP
anteroposterior
159
D.O.
Doctor of Osteopathy
160
CT
computed tomography
161
CTS
carpal tunnel syndrome
162
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
163
sprain
injury to a ligament
164
strain
injury to a muscle or tendon
165
contusion
a injury caused by compression
166
torticollis
cervical spasm and stiffness
167
bunion
deformity characterized by the great toe moving inward and 2nd toe angulation
168
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
pain and numbness of the wrist and hand caused by repetitive stress on the median nerve
169
contracture
limitation of normal motion caused by fibrous growth in surrounding soft tissue
170
crepitation
grating sound made by movement of bones ends rubbing together
171
subluxation
partial dislocation
172
kyphosis
increased curvature of the thoracic spine
173
lordosis
forward curvature of lumbar spine
174
scoliosis
sideways curvature of the spine left to right
175
spinal stenosis
narrowing of the spinal canal
176
spondylolisthesis
partial forward dislocation of a vertebrae
177
bone scan
procedure the visualizes the bone with radiopharmaceutical material
178
NSAID's
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to relieve pain and swelling
179
osteophytes
bone growth on the end of bones
180
spur
abnormal growth on the bones surface
181
acromial
referring to the acromioclavicular joint
182
glenohumeral
referring to the shoulder joint
183
tuberosity
a rounded raised part of the bone that serves an attachment for tendon
