Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What body systems interact to cause movement?
sensory, cognitive & motor systems
What is precision medicine?
form of medicine using info about a persons genes, proteins, environment, & lifestyle
this DOES include age
Primary Motor Cortex
controls speed and force of movement
Supplemental Motor Area
involved in preplanning movements
Premotor Cortex
visually guided movements
Cerebellum
coordinates movements based on accuracy, timing, and intensity
Basal Ganglia
controls posture and adaptation to varying tasks or environments
Motor Unit
contains one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
What are the 2 periods of gestation development?
embryonic (0 to 60 days, or 2 months, or 8 weeks) & fetal (60 days on)
When does implantation into the uterus occur?
day 6/7 after fertilization
What is gastrulation? When does it occur?
when the single-layered blastula is reorganized into the 3-layered structure known as the gastrula. occurs on day 15/16 after fertilization.
What are the 3 germ layers?
endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm
When are all limb structures present in an an infant?
8 weeks after fertilization
When do females typically know if they’re pregnant?
about 6 weeks
Type 1 Muscle Fibers
slow-twitch tonic fibers
21 weeks gestation
Type 2 Muscle Fibers
fast-twitch phasic
30 weeks gestation
How much of the total body mass is muscle at birth?
25%
In males, how much does muscle mass increase from ages 5-17?
41-53% of total body mass
In females, how much does muscle mass increase from ages 5-17?
41-42% of total body mass
Length-Tension Relationship
muscles must grow to keep up with bone lengthening