Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Circular motion
Circumduction
Measures joint angles
Goniometer
Partial dislocation of a joint.
Subluxation
Shortening of a muscle leading to limited ROM of the joint.
Contracture
Moving
Dynamic balance
Standing still
Static balance
TUG
What does it test for?
Timed Up & Go
Tests functional mobility
What is normal and what is abnormal with TMJ?
Clicking is Normal. Pain is not!
What are 2 tests for carpal tunnel?
Phalen’s test and Tinel’s sign
Not looking for wrist pain, but pain down the hand.
How do you get carpal tunnel?
Repetitive motion, or edema from pregnancy.
How to assess the hip ROM?
Knee toward the chest, internal and external rotation.
How to test for knee swelling (effusion).
Bulge Sign
What can cause knee swelling?
GOUT (arthritis) or injury
Tests for tears in the meniscus. ROM searching for movement, clicking, locking, knee gives out when they walk.
McMurray’s Test
What injury is common in soccer?
Tears in the meniscus
What does straight leg lifting test for? (Can they hold it up themselves?)
Stroke testing
Inflammatory stiffness or fixation of a joint.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Inflammation and degeneration of joints that is chronic, systemic autoimmune disease. Most common ankylosing spondylitis. Also found in hands. Swan-neck boutonniere.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Degenerative and inflammatory condition. Bone thinning and shortening. At risk for fractures and discomfort.
Osteoporosis
Degenerative joint disease that affects weight-bearing joints. S/S of joint edema, aching. Movement helps.
Osteoarthritis
Test to determine Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, or Normal bone mass. Takes 10 minutes to complete.
Dexa Scans
Bone Mass T-Score measures what?
Osteopenia
Inflammation common in elbows and knees. Related to Gout.
Bursitis
Uric acid buildup. Arthritis common in elbows.
Gout
Fused fingers
Syndactyly
Extra finger
Polydactyly
Common wrist fracture. Can damage growth plate.
Colle’s fracture
Cyst that grows on a nerve.
Ganglion cyst
Normal response to disuse is ______. Stroke patients
Flexion
Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones.
Ankylosis
Inflamed tendon
Achilles tenosynovitis
Common in dancers; age related
Bunion and Hammer toes
Herniates into spinal canal; related to sports injury
Nucleus pulposus
What is the muscle contraction scale? What number can a person get dressed with?
0-5 (none to strong)
3+ can get dressed
Biceps strength
Pull/flex against resistance
Triceps strength
Push/extend against resistance
The patient lays down and raises each leg separately against resistance.
Iliopsoas Muscles (hip flexion)
Flexion at the knee. Pull the lower leg towards their buttock and hard as possible.
Hamstrings
Test extension at the knee laying supine and kick out.
Quadriceps
