Musculoskeletal Part 1

Question 0

Colles’ fracture

Answer 0

wrist fracture

Question 1

Closed/Simple Fracture

Answer 1

No open skin wound.

Question 2

comminuted fracture

Answer 2

Bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into small pieces.

Question 3

compound/open fracture

Answer 3

Skin has been broken through

Question 4

compression fracture

Answer 4

Loss of height of a vertebral body.

Question 5

Green stick fracture

Answer 5

Incomplete break; one side of bone is broken & the other side is bent.

Question 6

Impacted fracture

Answer 6

Bone fragments are pushed into each other.

Question 7

Oblique fracture

Answer 7

Angle to the bone.

Question 8

pathologic fracture

Answer 8

caused by diseased or weakened bone.

Question 9

spiral fracture

Answer 9

The fracture line spirals around the shaft of the bone

Question 10

Stress fracture

Answer 10

A slight fracture caused by repetitive low impact forces, like running, rather than a single forceful impact.

Question 11

Transverse fracture

Answer 11

Complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone.

Question 12

Chondroma

Answer 12

A tumor, usually benign, that forms in cartilage.

Question 13

Ewing’s sarcoma

Answer 13

Malignant growth found on shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum. Removal is the treatment of choice bc this tumor will metastasize or spread to other organs.

Question 14

Exostosis

Answer 14

A bone spur

Question 15

Myeloma

Answer 15

Tumor in bone marrow tissue.

Question 16

Osteochondroma

Answer 16

a tumor, usually benign, consists of both bone & cartilage tissue.

Question 17

Osteogenic Sarcoma

Answer 17

Most common type of bone cancer. Usually begins in osteocytes found at the end of long bones.

Question 18

Paget’s disease

Answer 18

Fairly common metabolic disease of the bone from unknown causes. It usually attacked middle-aged & older & is characterized by bone destruction & deformity.

Question 19

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 19

Inflammatory spinal condition resembling rheumatoid arthritis & results in gradual stiffening & fusion of the vertebrae. More common in men.

Question 20

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

Answer 20

Herniation & protrusion of an intervertebral disk; also called herniated disk or ruptured disk.

Question 21

Kyphosis

Answer 21

Abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine. ‘Hunchback or humpback’

Question 22

Lordosis

Answer 22

Abnormal increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine. ‘Swayback’

Question 23

Scoliosis

Answer 23

Abnormal lateral curvature of spine.

Question 24

Spina bifida

Answer 24

Congenital anomaly occurring when a vertebra fails to fully form around the spinal cord.

Question 25

Spinal stenosis

Answer 25

Narrowing of the spinal canal causing pressure on the cord and nerves.

Question 26

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 26

The forward sliding of a lumbar vertebra over the vertebra below it.

Question 27

Spondylosis

Answer 27

Ankylosing of the spine.

Question 28

Whiplash

Answer 28

Cervical muscle & ligament sprain or strain as a result of a sudden movement forward & backward of the head & neck.

Question 29

Bunion

Answer 29

Inflammation of the bursa of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 30

Dislocation

Answer 30

When the bones in a joint are displaced from their normal alignment & the ends of the bones are no longer in contact.

Question 31

Osteoarthritis

Answer 31

Arthritis resulting in degeneration of the bones & joints.

Question 32

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 32

Chronic, inflammation of joints, swelling, stiffness, pain & changes in cartilage that can result in crippling deformities.

Question 33

Sprain

Answer 33

Damage to the ligaments surrounding a joint due to overstretching, but no dislocation of joint or fracture of bone.

Question 34

Subluxation

Answer 34

Incomplete dislocation, joint alignment is disrupted, ends of bone remain in contact.

Question 35

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 35

Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of connective tissue affecting many systems that may include joint pain & arthritis.

Question 36

Talipes

Answer 36

Congenital deformity causing misalignment of the ankle joint & foot. ‘Clubfoot’