Musculoskeletal Neoplasms Flashcards
Definition of Neoplasm?
New Growth
Definition of Tumor?
Abnormal mass of tissue
Types of Tumors?
- Benign
2. Malignant
Definition of Benign?
Have no risk of Metastasis (Spreading)
Definition of Malignant?
May Metastasize (spread) and are potentially lethal
Definition of Metastatic Cancers?
Term reserved for tumors that are form solid tissues and not from blood origin
Types of Metastatic Cancers? (2)
Leukemia
Myeloma
Adenocarcinmo:
Sarcoma:
Lymphoma:
Adenocarcinoma: Glandular Growth Patterns
Sarcoma: Mesenchymal Elements
Lymphomas: Lymphoid cells
Patients with musculo-skeletal tumors present usually with one or more of the following … (5)
- Soft Tissue Mass
- Bony Mass
- Pain
- Pathological Fracture
- Incidental findings
When analyzing the region of possible cancer growth, what are things you should look for?
Swelling Abnormal Palpations Abnormal Variance Distal Neurovascular Function Patients Physical Appearance Infection Brusing Cachexia
If the immune system is impaired, we would expect to find?
An Infection
Bruising in cancer patients usually is from …
Decreased platelet production
This syndrome is characterized by weight loss, anemia, weakness, and early satiety (feeling of fullness)
Cachexia
A System for describing the extent of cancer in the patient’s body.
TNM Staging System
What does TNM stand for?
T: Describes the size of the TUMOR and whether it has invaded nearby tissues
N: Describes any lymph NODES that are involved
M: Describes METASTASIS (spread of cancer from one body part to another)
This is termed as a Bone Lesion.
Osteoid Osteoma
Patients who are more prevalent to Osteoid Osteoma range from? (AGE)
10-19
What type of presentation might one see with Osteoid Osteoma?
Constant Dull Pain
Worse At Night
For Osteoid Osteoma, what does a Radiological Examination show?
Presence of Radiolucent nidus surrounded by well defined oval lesions.
For Patients with Osteoid Osteoma, what is a good test for helping making a proper diagnosis?
DEXA Scan
Osteoid Osteoma: best visualization of this type of Lesion ___________
Not as good a tool in defining this type of lesion __________
CT Scan (Yes)
MRI (NO)
In Osteoid Osteoma, the bone is well __________ and _______ are present
Vascularized
Osteoclast Present
Treatment for Osteoid Osteoma:
Will resolve without treatment on average of ______
Can use _______ meds until lesion burns out
Surgical excision if patient does not want to endure pain and discomfort
2 Methods _______ & _______
33 Months
Anti Inflammatory
Curettage (Cut Out)
Ablation (Destroy Tumor without removing it
This is overgrowth of plasma cells int eh bone marrow that can crowd out the normal blood-forming cells.
Multiple Myeloma
