Musculoskeletal

Question 1

What is musculoskeletal pain?

Answer 1

These are pains due to sprains, strains, muscle pain, bruising, back pain, joint pain and frozen shoulder

Question 2

What is a sprain? How does it occur?

Most common sprain=

Answer 2

injury involves the overstretching of ligaments and/or the joint capsule, sometimes with tearing
Most common site is the ankle

Question 3

In sprains, what are partial and complete tears?

Answer 3

Partial tear of the knees is often swollen with severe pain on movement.
Complete tear involves tearing of the capsule - where blood or fluid will leak out into the surrounding tissues, so knee will not appear swollen

Question 4

Describe what a strain is

Answer 4

muscle fibres that move bone are damaged by overstretching or sudden force and tearing
sometimes fibres within muscle sheath are torn
sometimes muscle sheath may rupture and bleed
when strain heals, fibrosis may occur and muscle becomes shortened and so vulnerable to further damage

Question 5

Treatment timescale of musculoskeletal pain

Answer 5

with treatment should resolve within 5 days

Question 6

Symptoms of musculoskeletal problems

Answer 6

pain
stiffness
muscle soreness
bruising

Question 7

referral criteria for musculoskeletal problems

Answer 7

• ADRs causing falls/bruising
• Medication failure
• Suspected fracture
• Arthritis
• Severe back pain
• Back pain/pin and needles radiating to leg
• back pain in the middle/upper back

Question 8

Lifestyle advice for musculoskeletal problems

Answer 8

RICE:
Rest, ice, compress, elevate
Heat after 1 or 2 days
Prevention of pain again

Question 9

Deep freeze gel menthol
Symptoms
Directions

Answer 9

relief of pain in muscles, tendons and joints and can be used to treat minor sports injuries
Directions:
adults, elderly and children over 5yrs: gently massage deep freeze cold gel into the affected area 3-4 times daily and wash hands immediately after use

Question 10

Side effects of deep freeze gel menthol

Warnings

Answer 10

Hypersensitivity reactions
irritation of the skin
Warnings: 
If irritation develops, use of the product should be discontinued 
Keep away from eyes and sensitive areas 
Do not apply to damaged skin
Do not apply to irritated skin

Question 11

Deep freeze gel menthol

patient populations

Answer 11

> 5yrs only

Fine in pregnancy and breastfeeding

Question 12

Ibugel 5%
API?
Symptoms

Answer 12

Ibuprofen
Topical treatment of backache, rheumatic and muscular pain, sprains, strains and neuralgia.
Symptomatic relief of pain due to non-serious arthritic conditions

Question 13

Ibugel 5% directions

Answer 13

apply gel to affected area up to TDS as directed

Apply only enough gel to thinly cover the affected area and gently massage well into the skin until completely absorbed.

Question 14

Ibugel side effects and warnings

Answer 14

hypersensitivity reactions
irritation of the skin
Warnings:
do not use excessively. Hands should be washed immediately after use (unless treating the hands themselves)
Treatment should not continue for more than a few weeks.

Question 15

Ibugel patient populations

Answer 15

> 12yrs only

Not suitable for pregnant or breastfeeding women

Question 16

Radian B muscle rub ingredients

Answer 16

Camphor
Methyl salicylate
capsicum oleoresin (capsicin)
menthol

Question 17

Radian B muscle rub symptoms

Answer 17

relief of muscular and rheumatic aches and pains, including muscular stiffness, bruising, sprains, fibrositis

Question 18

Radian B muscle rub directions

Answer 18

Adults, children and elderly
apply to affected areas of skin and massage well into the skin. For muscular strains and stiffness it is best used after a hot bath.

Question 19

Radian B muscle rub
Warnings
Populations

Answer 19

Not to be used in children under 6 years of age
>6yrs only 
Do not apply to skin abrasions 
Do not apply to irritated skin 
Fine in pregnancy and breastfeeding