Musculoskeletal Flashcards
which of following best describes dislocation?
a. it is the complete dissociation of joint surfaces
b. it always involves loss of blood and shock
c. it is unrelated to joint and joint surfaces
it is complete dissociation of joint surfaces
which fracture is likely to result in osteomyelitis?
open fracture
which fracture is most likely to occur for someone over 65?
a. neck or between the trochanters (intertrochanteric) of the femur
b. shaft or between the malleoli of tibia
c. shaft or near the styloid process of the fibula
a. neck or between the trochanters (intertrochanteric of the femur
why is it D important for bones?
a. vit D improves energy so we can exercise
b. vit D converses vit C to calcium
c. cit D increases fat deposition to strengthen bones
d. vitamin D assists in absorption of calcium
VITAMIN D assists in absorption of calcium
who is affected by osteoarthritis?
a. 3 times as many women as men
b. less than 5% population
c. almost everyone to some degree if you live ling enough
d. only people who jog and exercise alot
almost everyone to some degree if you live long enough
which of following describes osteoporosis?
a. metabolic disease
b. metastatic disease
c. infection
d. disocation
a metabolic disease
which best describved the process underlying osteoarthritis?
a. a pathological process not affected by activity or lifestyle
b. a genetically programmed disease not affected by any repair process
c. a disease involving more degenerative changes than repair
d. a disease involving antibodies attacking body tissue
a disease involving more degenerative changes than repair
which following statement is correct?
a. osteocytes degrade bone matrix and release Ca2+ into the blood
b. osteoclasts degrade bone matrix and release Ca2+ into blood
c. osteoblasts degrade bone magic and release Ca@+ into the blood
d. osteopaths degrade bone matrix and release Ca2+ into the blood
osteoclasts degrade boen matrix and relase Ca2+ into blood
who gets ankylosing spondylitis?
a. mostly males in early adulthood
b. mostly premenopausal women
c. mostly post menopausal women over 60 years
d. children who play vid games and don’t get enough exercise
most males in early adulthood
crystallisation of rate in synovial tissue is likely to occur as a result of
a. inflammation
b. infection
c. increased body temperature particular region of body
d. lower body temperature at particular regions of body
lower body temp at particular regions of body
two of the most common causes of back pain are:
a. viral and bacterial infections
b. prolonged wearing of a back brace and wearing knee brace
c. back injuries and disc degeneration
d. low pressure fronts and atmospheric changes during bad weather
back injuries and disc degeneration
which of the following best describes the pathology of gout?
a. the breakdown of purines causes uric acid crystals to form in joints
b. this is an autoimmune disorder affecting urge MTP joint of big toe
c. the breakdown of articular cartilage caused by wear and tear
d. a vitamin D deficiency causing decreased bone mass
a. the breakdown of purines causes uric acid crystals to form in joints
duchenne muscular dystrophy patients often have pseudo hypertrophied calf muscles that is due to
a. increased skeletal muscle cells as a result of proliferation
b. increased size (hypertrophy) of skeletal muscle cells
c. increased fluid retention of oedema
d. adipose and connective tissue
adipose and connective tissue
a mutation of which of the following gene has been identified in duchenne muscular dystrophy?
a. neutrophin
b. spinophin
c. troponin
d. dystrophin
d. dystrophin
- Thompson has osteoarthritis/rheumatoid arthritis/osteoporosis/ ankylosing spondylitis? Give reasons for your answer, including the classic symptoms you would expect in the disease
RHEYMATOID ARTHRITIS:
• Signs and symptoms: pain in her knees, wrists, knuckels, feet, morning stiffness, difficulty with mobility and turning water taps and screw top jar lids
• 4 or more joints affected→ diagnosis. Subcutaneous rheumatic nodules can be seen at sites subject to trauma eg. Knee and fingers
• Rheumatoid factor > normal ; synovial flid shows WBC’s, synovial membranes thicked; erosion of cartilage at affected joints
• Age group correct, women 2-3 times more likely than men to suffer rheumatoid arthritis
→ NOT OSTEOARTHRITIS; no bony overgrowth, joint fusion or bony spurs on imaging, no degeneration of subchondral bone or joint subluxation
→ NOT OSTEOPOROSISI: no indication of decreased bone mass or density, mainly joints affected rather than bones themselves. No info about hormone levels or vit D deficiency
→ NOT ankylosing spondylitis; since classic sign of bilateral sacroiliac sclerosis is absent, no back pain, no mention of HLA markers or family history