Musculoskeletal

Question 1

This type of fracture presents with intact skin over the broken bone:

Answer 1

Closed/Simple Fracture

Question 2

The broken bone protrudes through the skin in this type of fracture:

Answer 2

Open/Compound Fracture

Question 3

This type of fracture occurs at a right angle to the long axis of the bone:

Answer 3

Transverse Fracture

Question 4

This fracture is characterized by a slanting or diagonal fracture across the bone.

Answer 4

Oblique

Question 5

This fracture is circular and twists around the bone shaft.

Answer 5

Spiral Fracture.

Question 6

This fracture breaks through the periosteum and bone on one side while the other side only bends.

Answer 6

Greenstick Fracture.

Question 7

Damage to _______________ could stunt a child’s growth:

Answer 7

Damage to the Epiphyseal Growth Plate.

Question 8

Alternative foods (that do not have lactose but include calcium) include:

Answer 8

Green leafy vegetables, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage.

Question 9

What can you do with a cast that itches?

Answer 9

Hair drier on a cool setting can blow air into cast. An antihistamine can be used.

Question 10

Which demographic has the highest rate of club foot?

Answer 10

Mexicans, South Africans, Hawaiian Polynesians.

Question 11

Club foot teaching should include:

Answer 11

Checking skin around the cast edges for redness or irritation and assessing the neurovascular status of the foot.

Question 12

Jane’s child has clubfoot. She asks the nurse what kind of treatment she can expect her daughter to go through. The best response by the nurse is:

Answer 12

– When serial casting is used as the method of treatment, the cast is changed every one to two weeks until complete connection has occurred.

Question 13

bra straps are adjusted to unequal lengths, difficulty in buying jeans that fit correctly due to uneven iliac crests, skirts or dresses hang unevenly….these are all clues that point to what condition?

Answer 13

Scoliosis.

Question 14

In Scoliosis, if the spinal curve is less than ______ degrees, no therapy is needed (except for close observation until the child is 18)

Answer 14

40 degrees. (You can use braces in 24-40 degrees, but you have the option of just monitoring the condition)

Question 15

A body brace, traction or surgery is indicated for a scoliosis patient when their curve is ____ to _____ degrees.

Answer 15

24 to 40

Question 16

Surgery with spinal fusion or instrumentation is indicated in scoliosis patients with a curvature of:

Answer 16

more than 45-50 degrees.

Question 17

Can a Milwaukee brace be worn over a T-shirt?

Answer 17

Yes. In fact, it is supposed to be worn over a T shirt.

Question 18

What was the first type of brace used in Scoliosis?

Answer 18

a Milwaukee brace.

Question 19

What is Septic Arthritis?

Answer 19

Infection of the joint that usually develops through the bloodstream from another site of infection

Question 20

What joints are usually affected in Septic Arthritis?

Answer 20

Usually effects weight-bearing joints

Question 21

Where is Septic Arthritis usually found?

Answer 21

Most prevalent in knee or hip

Question 22

Therapeutic Management for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):

Answer 22

• Exercise
• Rest
• Medication
• nutrition
• Exercise
• Daily ROM, “Simon Says”
• Swimming, walking
• No running, jumping, kicking, etc.-anything that puts strain on the joint
• RA children fatigue easily, may need a shortened school day
• Nutrition
• Maintain healthy body weight
• Low-fat
• Low-sodium
• Calcium intake
• Medication-goal is to decrease inflammation
• NSAIDS-
• 1-4 times/day
• Tolectin
• Naprosyn
• Motrin
• Educate about GI upset, bleeding

Question 23

Of the following, which is the priority nursing intervention for the child with Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy?

• Nutritional status
• Genetic counseling
• Respiratory status
• Renal status

Answer 23

Respiratory Status

Question 24

This occurs when the connection between the thighbone and the pelvic bone is “out of socket” or dislocated:

Answer 24

Hip Dysplasia

Question 25

When is Hip Dysplasia more common?

Answer 25

In girls more than boys and more common among 1st born.

Question 26

What type of harness is used in Hip Dysplasia?

Answer 26

Pavlik Harness. It is worn 24 hrs/day for 3-4 months.

Question 27

What are the age specific treatments for Hip Dysplasia?

Answer 27

If a child is less than 3 months old he/she can use a Pavlik Harness. If they are older than 3 months they will need skin traction/surgery.

Question 28

What month is Child abuse awareness month?

Answer 28

April.

Question 29

If a child has a skin infection or breakdown, open wound or extensive tissue damage can they be given skin traction?

Answer 29

No.

Question 30

Which age group is at greatest risk for musculoskeletal injuries?

Answer 30

Boys 15-18.