Musculoskeletal Flashcards
Nursing care of Casts
5 p’s (pain, paresthesia, paralysis, pulse, pallor)
prevent foot drop
keeps heels off bed
feel for hot spots, or tingling reported by patient
petal edges (mole skin)
elevate
feel for tightness ( use 2 fingers)
how do you treat scoliosis
mild-<20 degrees- observation, eval every 3-12 months
Moderate- 20-40 degrees- bracing (Milwaukee, Boston) worn 23 hours a day until done growing
severe- >40 degrees surgical spinal fusion (rods)
Post op nursing care of scoliosis
VS (watch for hypotension, wound assessment) log roll, keep flat pain relief ( PCA) PT started ASAP encourage independence Encourage family involvement Incentive Spirometer q 2 hours
osteomylitis
super sick in a lot of pain infection of bone fever irritability poor appetite may be unwilling to walk
Arthritis teaching
periarticular needs regular eye screenings (q 6m)
uveitis can cause blindness
how to take meds
encourage heat and exercise to relieve pain, stiffness
promote general overall health, nutrition, rest and exercise
nursing care of arthritis
get inflammation under control and then ROM
preserve joint function ( swim, heat, exercise in AM, play)
prevent deformity with PT and OT ROM
relieve symptoms with meds
How to treat pain from arthritis
NSAIDS (ibuprofen, Naproxen)
short term corticosteroids
ATC pain meds
severe symptoms: Methotrexate
treatment of club feet
serial casting with a new cast every 1-1.5 weeks
surgery if casting not successful to place pins and sever tendons, then casts for 2-3 months
after surgery child wears casts to maintain correction
how are infants 0-6m treated with DDH
0-6 months pavlik harness to hold hips in abducted position
worn 24-7 only taken off for bathing
how are children 5-18m treated with DDH
6-18 months
3 weeks of skin traction
closed or open reduction under general anesthesia
hip spika cast 2-4 months until hips are stable
