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Anatomy Exam 2 > Musculature of the Foot > Flashcards

Musculature of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

how many layers are there of foot muscles

A

4 and muscles on the dorsum side

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2
Q

what muscles are in layer 1

A

abductor hallucis

flexor digitorum brevis

abductor digiti minimi

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3
Q

abductor hallucis origin

A

calcaneal tuberosity (medial process)

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4
Q

abductor hallucis insertion

A

1st toes (base of proximal phalanx via the medial sesamoid)

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5
Q

abductor hallucis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (S1,S2)

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6
Q

abductor hallucis action

A

great toe metatarsophalangeal joint flexion and ABD

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7
Q

flexor digitorum brevis origin

A

calcaneal tuberosity (medial tubercle)

plantar aponeurosis

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8
Q

flexor digitorum brevis

A

2nd-5th toes (sides of middle phalanges)

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9
Q

flexor digitorum brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (S1,S2)

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10
Q

flexor digitorum brevis action

A

flexes the MTP and PIP joints of 2nd-5th toes

supports the longitudinal arch

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11
Q

abductor digiti minimi origin

A

calcaneal tuberosity (medial tubercle)

plantar aponeurosis

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12
Q

abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

5th toes base of proximal phalanx

5th metatarsal at tuberosity

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13
Q

abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

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14
Q

abudctor digiti minimi action

A

5th digit metatarsophalangeal joint ABD and flexion

supports longitudinal arch

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15
Q

muscles in layer 2 of the foot

A

quadratus plantae

lumbricals (4)

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16
Q

quadratus plantae origin

A

calcaneal tuberosity (medial and plantar borders on plantar side)

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17
Q

quadratus plantar insertion

A

flexor digitorum longus tendon (lateral border)

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18
Q

quadratus plantar innvervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)

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19
Q

quadratus plantar action

A

redirects and augments the pull of flexor digitorum longus

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20
Q

lumbricals origin

A

tendons of flexor digitorum longus

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21
Q

lumbricals insertion

A

2nd-5th toes (@dorsal aponeurosis)

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22
Q

lumbricals innervation

A

1st lumbrical (medial one): medial plantar nerve (S2-S3)

2nd-4th lumbricals (lateral 3): lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3)

23
Q

lumbricals action

A

lateral 4 digits metatarsophalangeal joint flexion

interphalangeal joint extension

adducts 2-5 toes towards big toe

24
Q

muscles in layer 3 of the foot

A

flexor hallucis brevis

adductor hallucis

flexor digiti minimi brevis

25
Q

flexor hallucis brevis origin

A

cuboid

lateral cuneiforms

plantar calcaneocuboid ligament

26
Q

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

A

1st toe at the base of proximal phalanx via medial and lateral sesamoids

27
Q

flexor hallucis brevis innervation

A

medial head: medial plantar nerve (S!,S2)

lateral head: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S2)

28
Q

flexor hallucis brevis action

A

great toe metatarsophalangeal joint flexion

supports longitudinal arch

29
Q

adductor hallucis origin

A

oblique head: base of 2nd-4th metatarsals

transverse head: MTPS of 3-5 toes, deep transverse metatarsal ligament

30
Q

adductor hallucis insertion

A

1st proximal phalanx (@base, by common tendon via lateral sesamoid)

31
Q

adductor hallucis innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

deep branch

32
Q

adductor hallucis action

A

flexes the first MTP joint

adducts big toe

33
Q

flexor digiti minimi origin

A

base of 5th metatarsal

long plantar ligament

34
Q

flexor digiti minimi insertion

A

5th toe base of proximal phalanx

35
Q

flexor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

superficial branch

36
Q

flexor digiti minimi action

A

5th digit metatarsophalangeal joint flexion

37
Q

what muscles are in layer 4 of the foot

A

plantar interossei

dorsal interossei

38
Q

plantar interossei origin

A

3rd-5th metatarsals on the medial border

39
Q

plantar interossei insertion

A

3rd-5th toes medial base of proximal phalanx

40
Q

plantar interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3)

41
Q

plantar interossei action

A

MTP joints 3-5: flexion

IP joints 3-5: extension

3-5 toes: adducts towards 2nd toe

42
Q

dorsal interossei origin

A

1-5 metatarsals by 2 heads on opposing sides

43
Q

dorsal interossei insertion

A

1st: 2nd proximal phalanx (medial base)

2nd-4th: 2-4 proximal phalanges (lateral base) and 2-4 toes @ dorsal aponeurosis

44
Q

dorsal interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

45
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

MTP joints of 2nd-4th: flexion

IP joints of 2nd-4th: extension

ABD of 3rd and 4th toes from 2nd toe

46
Q

what muscles are on the dorsum of the foot

A

extensor digitorum brevis

extensor hallucis brevis

47
Q

extensor digitorum brevis origin

A

calcaneus (dorsal surface)

48
Q

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

A

2nd-4th toes @ dorsal aponeurosis and bases of middle phalanges

49
Q

extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L5,S1)

50
Q

extensor digitorum brevis action

A

MTP and PIP joints 2-4: extension

51
Q

extensor hallucis brevis origin

A

calcaneus (dorsal surface)

52
Q

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

A

1st toe @ dorsal aponeurosis and proximal phalanx

53
Q

extensor hallucis brevis innveration

A

deep fibular nerve (L5,S1)

54
Q

extensor hallucis brevis action

A

great toe metatarsophalangeal joint: extension

Anatomy Exam 2 (24 decks)

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