Muscles of the Hip Flashcards
what are the groups of muscles in the hip
superficial
deep
what is the nerve rule for the superficial group
innervated by the superior gluteal nerve
what muscle is the exception to the nerve rule
gluteus maximum
innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve
muscles of the superficial group
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fascia latae
gluteus maximus has
upper fibers and lower fibers
different insertion points
gluteus maximus origin
sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament
gluteus maximus insertion points
upper fibers: iliotibial tract
lower fibers: gluteal tuberosity
gluteus maximus innervation
inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S2)
gluteus maximus actions
whole muscle: extends the hip and ER hip (sagittal and coronal planes)
Upper fibers: ABD
lower fibers: ADD
gluteus medius origin
ilium (gluteal surface below iliac crest, b/w the anterior and posterior gluteal line)
gluteus medius insertion
greater trochanter of the femur (lateral surface)
gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)
gluteus medius action
entire muscle: ABD of the hip, stabilizes the pelvis in the coronal plane
anterior part: flexion and IR
posterior part: EXT and ER
gluteus minimus origin
ilium (gluteal surface below the origin of the gluteus medius)
gluteus minimus insertion
greater trochanter of the femur (anterolateral surface)
gluteus minimus innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)
gluteus minimus action
whole muscle: ABD of the hip, stabilizes the hip in the coronal plane
anterior part: flexion and IR
posterior part: EXT and ER
tensor of fascia latae origin
ASIS
TFL insertion
IT band tract
TFL innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)
TFL action
tenses the fascia latae
hip joint: ABD, FLEX, IR
what are the deep muscles of the hip
piriformis
obturator internus
Gemelli
quadratus femoris
piriformis origin
pelvis surface of the sacrum
piriformis insertion
apex of the greater trochanter
piriformis innervation
direct branches from the sacral plexus (S1,S2)
piriformis action
Hip: ER, ABD, EXT, stabilization
obturator internus origin
inner surface of the obturator membrane and its bony boundaries
obturator internus insertion
medial surface of the greater trochanter
obturator internus innervation
direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5,S1)
nerve to the obturator internus
obturator internus action
hip: ER, ADD, EXT
gemelli origin
superior: ischial spine
inferior: ischial tuberosity
gemelli insertion
jointly w/o obturator internus tendon (medial surface, greater trochanter)
gemelli innervation
superior: nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)
gemelli action
hip: ADD, ER, EXT
quadratus femoris origin
lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
quadratus femoris insertion
intertrochanteric crest of the femur
quadratus femoris innervation
nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)
quadratus femoris action
Hip: ER, ADD
Trendelenburg’s sign
injury to superior gluteal nerve
causes weakness in gluteus medius and minimus (insufficient small gluteals)
what is the effect of the Trendelenburg’s sign
side opposite to injury will sag or drop
causes swing leg
