Muscles of the Hip

Question 1

what are the groups of muscles in the hip

Answer 1

superficial

deep

Question 2

what is the nerve rule for the superficial group

Answer 2

innervated by the superior gluteal nerve

Question 3

what muscle is the exception to the nerve rule

Answer 3

gluteus maximum

innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve

Question 4

muscles of the superficial group

Answer 4

gluteus maximus

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

tensor fascia latae

Question 5

gluteus maximus has

Answer 5

upper fibers and lower fibers

different insertion points

Question 6

gluteus maximus origin

Answer 6

sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament

Question 7

gluteus maximus insertion points

Answer 7

upper fibers: iliotibial tract

lower fibers: gluteal tuberosity

Question 8

gluteus maximus innervation

Answer 8

inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S2)

Question 9

gluteus maximus actions

Answer 9

whole muscle: extends the hip and ER hip (sagittal and coronal planes)

Upper fibers: ABD

lower fibers: ADD

Question 10

gluteus medius origin

Answer 10

ilium (gluteal surface below iliac crest, b/w the anterior and posterior gluteal line)

Question 11

gluteus medius insertion

Answer 11

greater trochanter of the femur (lateral surface)

Question 12

gluteus medius innervation

Answer 12

superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)

Question 13

gluteus medius action

Answer 13

entire muscle: ABD of the hip, stabilizes the pelvis in the coronal plane

anterior part: flexion and IR

posterior part: EXT and ER

Question 14

gluteus minimus origin

Answer 14

ilium (gluteal surface below the origin of the gluteus medius)

Question 15

gluteus minimus insertion

Answer 15

greater trochanter of the femur (anterolateral surface)

Question 16

gluteus minimus innervation

Answer 16

superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)

Question 17

gluteus minimus action

Answer 17

whole muscle: ABD of the hip, stabilizes the hip in the coronal plane

anterior part: flexion and IR

posterior part: EXT and ER

Question 18

tensor of fascia latae origin

Answer 18

ASIS

Question 19

TFL insertion

Answer 19

IT band tract

Question 20

TFL innervation

Answer 20

superior gluteal nerve (L4,S1)

Question 21

TFL action

Answer 21

tenses the fascia latae

hip joint: ABD, FLEX, IR

Question 22

what are the deep muscles of the hip

Answer 22

piriformis

obturator internus

Gemelli

quadratus femoris

Question 23

piriformis origin

Answer 23

pelvis surface of the sacrum

Question 24

piriformis insertion

Answer 24

apex of the greater trochanter

Question 25

piriformis innervation

Answer 25

direct branches from the sacral plexus (S1,S2)

Question 26

piriformis action

Answer 26

Hip: ER, ABD, EXT, stabilization

Question 27

obturator internus origin

Answer 27

inner surface of the obturator membrane and its bony boundaries

Question 28

obturator internus insertion

Answer 28

medial surface of the greater trochanter

Question 29

obturator internus innervation

Answer 29

direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5,S1) nerve to the obturator internus

Question 30

obturator internus action

Answer 30

hip: ER, ADD, EXT

Question 31

gemelli origin

Answer 31

superior: ischial spine inferior: ischial tuberosity

Question 32

gemelli insertion

Answer 32

jointly w/o obturator internus tendon (medial surface, greater trochanter)

Question 33

gemelli innervation

Answer 33

superior: nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1) inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)

Question 34

gemelli action

Answer 34

hip: ADD, ER, EXT

Question 35

quadratus femoris origin

Answer 35

lateral border of the ischial tuberosity

Question 36

quadratus femoris insertion

Answer 36

intertrochanteric crest of the femur

Question 37

quadratus femoris innervation

Answer 37

nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)

Question 38

quadratus femoris action

Answer 38

Hip: ER, ADD

Question 39

Trendelenburg's sign

Answer 39

injury to superior gluteal nerve causes weakness in gluteus medius and minimus (insufficient small gluteals)

Question 40

what is the effect of the Trendelenburg's sign

Answer 40

side opposite to injury will sag or drop causes swing leg