Muscular System - Terminologies

Question 1

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Neuromuscular junction

Answer 1

Point of contact between nerve and muscle

Question 2

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Myofilament

Answer 2

Modified contractile proteins in muscles – Actin and myosin

Question 2

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Sarcomere

Answer 2

Arrangement of myofilaments from one Z-disc to another

Question 2

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Myofiber

Answer 2

A muscle “cell” with multiple peripheral nuclei

Question 2

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Sarcolemma

Answer 2

Cell membrane of myofibers

Question 3

Connective tissue coverings: Endomysium

Answer 3

Single fiber

Question 3

Skeletal Muscle Histology: T-Tubules

Answer 3

Extension of sarcolemma into myofilament

Question 4

Connective tissue coverings: Perimysium

Answer 4

Fascicle (bundle of fibers)

Question 4

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscles with terminal cisterns

Question 5

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Muscle triad

Answer 5

1 T-tubule, and 2 terminal cisterns

Question 6

Connective tissue coverings: Epimysium

Answer 6

Named muscle

Question 7

Connective tissue coverings: Deep fascia

Answer 7

Muscle group

Question 8

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Prime mover

Answer 8

Main muscle responsible for a particular movement

Question 9

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Synergist

Answer 9

Assists prime mover in producing a movement

Question 10

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Extension

Answer 10

Increasing angles between bones

Question 10

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Antagonist

Answer 10

Works in opposition to prime mover

Question 11

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Flexion

Answer 11

Reduction of angles between bones

Question 12

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Hyperextension

Answer 12

Extension past 180 degrees

Question 13

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Protraction

Answer 13

Movement forward

Question 14

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Retraction

Answer 14

Movement backwards

Question 15

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Abduction

Answer 15

Movement away from midline

Question 16

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Adduction

Answer 16

Movement towards the midline

Question 17

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Elevation

Answer 17

Upward movement

Question 18

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Depression

Answer 18

Downward movement

Question 19

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Rotation

Answer 19

Movement around an axis

Question 20

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Circumduction

Answer 20

Combination of several movements (rotation, flexion/extension; abduction adduction etc. at a fixed axis)

Question 21

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Supination

Answer 21

Ventral rotation

Question 22

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Pronation

Answer 22

Dorsal rotation

Question 23

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Inversion

Answer 23

Medial rotation of the sole of the foot

Question 24

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Eversion

Answer 24

Lateral rotation of the sole of the foot

Question 25

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Dorsiflexion

Answer 25

Flexion towards dorsum of the foot or hand

Question 26

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Plantarflexion

Answer 26

Flexion towards the sole of foot

Question 27

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Opposition

Answer 27

Tip of the thumb towards the other fingers

Question 28

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Palmarflexion

Answer 28

Flexion towards the palms of the hand

Question 29

Skeletal Muscle Histology: Reposition

Answer 29

Return of the thumb from other fingers