Muscular System Reviee Flashcards
What is an action of circumduction
Moving in a circle at a joint
Ex. Swinging arm in a circle
What is an action of extension
Increasing the angle between two bones
Ex straightening a body part
Smooth muscle is always what
Involuntary
What is flexion
Decreasing the angle between two bones
Ex. Bending a body part
What type of muscle is skeletal muscle
Striated
List the four characteristics of muscle
Excitability
Contractility
extensibility
elasticity
Where is cardiac muscle found in the body
Only in the heart
Which disease is a genetic disease characterized by severe muscle pain that worsens overtime
Muscular dystrophy
how is muscle attached to bone
Tendons – strong tough connective tissue
Fascia-A tough sheet like membrane that covers and protects the tissue
What are the four functions of muscle tissue
Heat production and energy for the body
movement
posture
protection of internal organs
What is my myasthenia gravis
An autoimmune disease that causes the misfire of nerve impulses
Saggy eyelid
What is fibromyalgia
Widespread pain from nerve receptors sending pain signals when there is no pain
Where is smooth muscle found in the body
Found in internal organs
Veins and arteries
(Digestive or respiratory systems)
What is excitability
Ability to receive and respond to nerve signals
What is elasticity
Ability to remain in original state
What is contractility
Ability to shorten
Define muscle strain
Damage to muscle or tendon (painful)
What is a muscle cramp (spasm)
Sudden painful involuntary muscle spasm
Describe adduction
Moving part towards the midline
Describe abduction
Moving part away from the midline
What type of muscle is visceral muscle
Smooth and involuntary
What type of muscle is found in the respiratory system
Smooth (visceral)
A trapezius has what type of muscle
Striated (skeletal)
Why do muscles get bigger
When stress is added on them and they heal, they build stronger
You are born with all your fat and muscle cells
Describe muscle atrophy
Muscle cells shrink from disease or disuse
Muscle cells continue to divide an increase in number even after birth this is muscle hypertrophy
True or false
False
What are voluntary and involuntary muscles
Voluntary – controlable
Involuntary – contraction without conscious thought. Or control
Define hypertrophy
Enlargement of a muscle or tissue because the cell grows
