Cardiovascular System Flashcards
When you cut into the apex what are you cutting into?
Left ventricle
How much does adult heart weigh?
10oz (T/F) question
Endocardium lines the what ?
Outside of the heart (blood vessels)
Myocardium is the…
Middle layer of the heart; made of cardiac muscle
Pericardium is the…
2-layer sac that lines the inside of the heart. It contains a small amount of fluid and helps reduce friction around the heart
The muscular wall that divides the atria and ventricles
Septum
What septum is between the L&R atrium
Interatrial septum
What septum is between the ventricles ?
Interventricular septum
_____:Receives de-oxygenated blood from inferior and superior ____
Right atrium
Vena cava
____ blood enters from right atrium, pumped out to the lungs via the ________ artery
Right ventricle
Pulmonary
____recieves _______ blood back from the lungs via the ______ veins
Left atrium
Oxygenated
Pulmonary veins
______Has the thickest wall; pumps blood out of the heart and to all tissues of the body via the ____
Left ventricle
Aorta
How many valves in the heart ? Name them
4 Bicuspid valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonary valve Aortic valve
Where is the tricuspid valve
Between the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the bicuspid valve located?
Between the left atrium and right ventricle
The contraction of ventricles causes the pulse
Systole
Brief resting period of ventricles
Diastole
Blood pressure: higher number is? Lower number is?
Systole
Diastole
What is the SA node?
Sinoatrial Node
The “pacemaker” of the heart
Structures involved in SA, bundle of his, L&R bundle branches and purkinje fibers
All of the above
Arteries carry blood…
Away from the heart
What is the largest artery in the body
Aorta
What is the only artery with deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary artery
Veins carry blood…
Back to the heart
What are the largest veins
Superior and inferior vena cava
Only veins with oxygenated blood
Pulmonary veins
Blood flow from the head and neck return to the heart via the
superior vena cava
Blood what 6 things does it contain
Protein Nutrients Heat Oxygen Carbon dioxide Waste products Hormones and enzymes
What are thrombocytes also called
Platelets
Main function of thrombocytes
Clotting process
Arrhythmia
Abnormal heart beating
Anemia?
Reduction of red blood cells
Common cause of Anemia
Lack of iron in diet
Treatments for anemia
Stop blood loss
Replace red blood cells
Aneurysm
Ballooning or sac-like formation in artery wall
What type of vessel is involved with an anurysm
Artery
Athersclerosis
Thickening of artery wall by fatty plaque
What vessel does Athersclerosis effect
Artery
How do you treat coronary artery disease ?
Stent replacement
or artery bypass graft
Embolism?
A blood clot or foreign substance floating in the blood stream
Most common type of embolism?
Blood clot
Other types of embolism?
Air, bacterial clumps , fat globule
Hypertension?
High blood pressure
